The Journal of pediatrics
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The Journal of pediatrics · Feb 2015
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter StudyMulticenter randomized controlled trial of inhaled nitric oxide for pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.
To test the hypothesis that inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) would lead to improved oxygenation and a decrease in duration of mechanical ventilation in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. ⋯ The use of iNO was associated with a significantly reduced duration of mechanical ventilation and significantly greater rate of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation-free survival.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jan 2015
Randomized Controlled TrialProbiotics for infantile colic: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938.
To investigate the effectiveness of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 for the treatment of infantile colic in breastfed Canadian infants, compared with placebo. ⋯ Administration of L reuteri DSM 17938 significantly improved colic symptoms by reducing crying and fussing times in breastfed Canadian infants with colic.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Oct 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialImpact of study oximeter masking algorithm on titration of oxygen therapy in the Canadian oxygen trial.
To compare oxygen saturations as displayed to caregivers on offset pulse oximeters in the 2 groups of the Canadian Oxygen Trial. ⋯ The design of the oximeter masking algorithm may have contributed to the smaller-than-expected separation between true saturations in the 2 study groups of recent saturation targeting trials in extremely preterm infants.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialCosts of bronchoalveolar lavage-directed therapy in the first 5 years of life for children with cystic fibrosis.
To determine whether bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL)-directed therapy for infants and young children with cystic fibrosis (CF), rather than standard therapy, was justified on the grounds of a decrease in average costs and whether the use of BAL reduced treatment costs associated with hospital admissions. ⋯ BAL-directed therapy did not result in either lower mean hospital admission costs or mean costs overall compared with managing patients with CF by a standard protocol based upon clinical features and oropharyngeal culture results alone. Following on our previous findings that BAL-directed treatment offers no clinical advantage over standard therapy at age 5 years, flexible bronchoscopy with BAL cannot be recommended for the routine management of preschool children with CF on the basis of overall cost savings.
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The Journal of pediatrics · Aug 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyComparison of devices for newborn ventilation in the delivery room.
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a T-piece resuscitator compared with a self-inflating bag for providing mask ventilation to newborns at birth. ⋯ There was no difference between the T-piece resuscitator and a self-inflating bag in achieving an HR of ≥100 bpm at 2 minutes in newborns≥26 weeks gestational age resuscitated at birth. However, use of the T-piece decreased the intubation rate and the maximum pressures applied.