The American journal of clinical nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
DHA-enriched high-oleic acid canola oil improves lipid profile and lowers predicted cardiovascular disease risk in the canola oil multicenter randomized controlled trial.
It is well recognized that amounts of trans and saturated fats should be minimized in Western diets; however, considerable debate remains regarding optimal amounts of dietary n-9, n-6, and n-3 fatty acids. ⋯ Consumption of CanolaDHA, a novel DHA-rich canola oil, improves HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure, thereby reducing FRS compared with other oils varying in unsaturated fatty acid composition. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01351012.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of the glycemic index of the diet on weight loss, modulation of satiety, inflammation, and other metabolic risk factors: a randomized controlled trial.
Low-glycemic index (GI) diets have been proven to have beneficial effects in such chronic conditions as type 2 diabetes, ischemic heart disease, and some types of cancer, but the effect of low-GI diets on weight loss, satiety, and inflammation is still controversial. ⋯ A low-GI and energy-restricted diet containing moderate amounts of carbohydrates may be more effective than a high-GI and low-fat diet at reducing body weight and controlling glucose and insulin metabolism. This trial was registered at Current Controlled Trials (www.controlled-trials.com) as ISRCTN54971867.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of moderate-dose vitamin D supplementation on insulin sensitivity in vitamin D-deficient non-Western immigrants in the Netherlands: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations have been associated with insulin resistance, the metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Because many non-Western immigrants in the Netherlands are vitamin D deficient, obese, and at high risk of diabetes, vitamin D supplementation may contribute to prevent diabetes and insulin resistance. ⋯ Vitamin D supplementation in non-Western vitamin D-deficient immigrants with prediabetes did not improve insulin sensitivity or β cell function or change the incidence of metabolic syndrome. However, after the exclusion of diabetic subjects, an improvement in the insulinogenic index was observed in participants who obtained a 25(OH)D concentration ≥60 nmol/L. This trial was registered at trialregister.nl as NTR1827.