Int J Clin Pharm Th
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Sep 2012
Meta AnalysisPopulation pharmacokinetic meta-analysis of intranasal fentanyl spray as a means to enrich pharmacokinetic information for patients with cancer breakthrough pain.
The development of intranasal fentanyl (INFS) aimed for a rapid treatment of breakthrough pain (BTP) in cancer patients. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of INFS was well characterized in healthy subjects, while PK investigations in cancer patients are limited. ⋯ A robust population PK model for INFS was developed. The model enhances the understanding of fentanyl PK after INFS dosing in cancer patients with BTP, a population for whom real-life data would be very hard to obtain.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Apr 1995
ReviewClinical rationale for the use of an ultra-short acting beta-blocker: esmolol.
Esmolol is a unique cardioselective, intravenous, ultra-short acting, beta-adrenergic blocking agent. A 9-minute half-life with rapid clinical onset and offset of action and the ability to titrate the drug to changing circumstances makes esmolol a useful addition to our treatment armamentarium. The efficacy and safety of esmolol have been shown in specific clinical settings, i.e. in patients with unstable angina, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation or flutter and supraventricular tachycardia. ⋯ The most frequently reported adverse effect associated with esmolol infusion was hypotension. Adverse effects due to beta-blockade can be corrected by down-titrating or discontinuing the infusion with complete disappearance of clinical effects in 20-30 minutes. Therefore, as an ultra-short acting beta-blocker, esmolol is an important therapeutic option in the acute clinical setting.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Aug 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialFlurbiprofen improves dysfunction of T-lymphocyte subsets and natural killer cells in cancer patients receiving post-operative morphine analgesia.
Acute pain can lead to immune dysfunction, which can be partly ameliorated by successful pain management. Opioids, which are widely used for analgesia, can result in the deterioration of immune function. This study aimed to investigate the influence of morphine with or without flurbiprofen as post-operative analgesics on the immune systems of patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery. ⋯ The combination of morphine and flurbiprofen ameliorates the immune depression in Tlymphocyte subsets and natural killer cells and provides a similar analgesic efficacy to morphine alone in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery.
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Int J Clin Pharm Th · Dec 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEffects of different combinations of H2 receptor antagonist with gastrokinetic drugs on gastric fluid pH and volume in children--a comparative study.
In a prospective double-blind randomized study, 100 American Society of Anesthesiologists classification I (ASAI) children (aged 2-8 years) were allocated randomly to receive 1 of the 5 different oral premedicant combination, 2 hours before surgery. Group I (control) received placebo premedication, group II (RM) received ranitidine 2 mg/kg-1 with metoclopramide 0.2 mg/kg-1, group III (RD) received ranitidine 2 mg/kg-1 with domperidone 0.3 mg/kg-1, group IV (FM) received famotidine 0.5 mg/kg-1 with metoclopramide 0.2 mg/kg-1, and group V (FD) received famotidine 0.5 mg/kg-1 with domperidone 0.3 mg/kg-1. After tracheal intubation, gastric fluid was aspirated and analyzed for pH and total fluid volume. ⋯ Mean gastric volume was significantly lower in RM, RD, FM, and FD groups (< 0.24 ml/kg-1) as compared to control group (0.5 ml/kg-1) (p < 0.01). Famotidine was found to be more effective in increasing gastric pH (p < 0.01) and decreasing volume (p < 0.05) as compared to ranitidine. No difference was found between metoclopramide and domperidone in increasing gastric pH and reducing gastric volume.