Journal of psychosomatic research
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The extent that randomized controlled trials (RCTs) accurately reflect intervention effectiveness depends on the completeness and accuracy of published results. A previous study found that only 40% of 63 RCTs published in top behavioral health journals in 2008-2009 clearly declared primary and secondary outcomes and only 21% were registered. The objective of this study was to conduct a five-year follow-up to assess outcome reporting clarity, proportion of registered trials, and adequacy of outcome registration in RCTs in top behavioral health journals. ⋯ The quality of published outcome declarations and trial registrations remains largely inadequate. Greater attention to trial registration and outcome definition in published reports is needed.
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Review Meta Analysis
Perceptions of paramedics and emergency staff about the care they provide to people who self-harm: Constructivist metasynthesis of the qualitative literature.
Presentations of self-harm to paramedic and emergency staff are increasing, and despite being the first professionals encountered, patients who self-harm report the quality of care and attitudes from these staff are unsatisfactory. Understanding this care may provide opportunities to improve services. The aim of this study is to enhance knowledge building and theory generation in order to develop practice and policy through a metasynthesis of qualitative research relating to perceptions of paramedic and emergency care for people who self-harm. ⋯ Paramedics are often the first health professional contact following self-harm, yet limited qualitative literature has explored this encounter. Metaphors revealed in this paper highlight challenges in decision making and legislation, also opportunities to improve care through professionalization and tailored education.
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Review Meta Analysis
Mindfulness-based stress reduction for healthy individuals: A meta-analysis.
An increasing number of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) studies are being conducted with nonclinical populations, but very little is known about their effectiveness. ⋯ MBSR is moderately effective in reducing stress, depression, anxiety and distress and in ameliorating the quality of life of healthy individuals; however, more research is warranted to identify the most effective elements of MBSR.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The placebo effect in inflammatory skin reactions: the influence of verbal suggestion on itch and weal size.
To investigate suggestion-induced placebo effects in inflammatory skin reactions. ⋯ Findings suggest that explicit verbal suggestion can reduce the experience of itch. In addition to conscious awareness, a concrete representation of the suggested changes gained from prior experience to the stimulus may be an important component of placebo effects on inflammatory skin reactions.
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This study investigated the relationship between family caregivers' mental health and postoperative recovery for elderly patients with hip fracture in Taiwan. ⋯ During the first year following discharge, postoperative recovery of patients after hip fracture was associated with their family caregivers' mental health. When a family caregiver's mental health was "poor," the patient recovering after hip-fracture surgery was more likely to recover poorly. These results suggest that health care providers could consider family caregivers' mental well-being while estimating recovery times and health outcomes of patients following hip fracture.