The Journal of surgical research
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Compartment syndrome of the thigh is a surgical emergency rarely reported in the literature. The most common etiologies include blunt trauma, vascular injuries from penetrating trauma, and hematoma formation. Thigh compartment syndrome (TCS) is important as it is often associated with concomitant severe injury with mortality rates as high as 47%. This study aims to identify mechanisms of injury, clinical presentation, and outcomes associated with TCS in the urban trauma patient population. ⋯ Among urban trauma patients, penetrating injuries of the thigh and adjacent vascular structures and the need for decompressive fasciotomy of the lower leg are the major risk factors for TCS. Clinical diagnosis and early intervention with fasciotomy remain the mainstay of treatment.
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Excessive release of inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress play important roles in the increased vascular permeability and systemic edema during the early stage of severe burn. This study investigates the effect of 200 mEq/L Na(+) hypertonic saline (HS) on systemic inflammatory response and oxidative stress in severely burned rats. ⋯ Initial resuscitation with 200 mEq/L Na(+) HS after severe burn injury decreases pulmonary edema, prevents hyponatremia, and attenuates oxidative stress, but is not capable of inhibiting the systemic inflammatory response.
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
Self-gripping versus sutured mesh for inguinal hernia repair: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current literature.
Lichtenstein tension-free mesh repair is the most commonly used technique for open inguinal hernia. However, mesh fixation with sutures to avoid dislocation has been considered as a cause of chronic pain and discomfort. A new self-gripping mesh (Parietene Progrip; Coviden) has been developed, which is making the use of sutureless for inguinal hernia repair. The aim of this systematic review was to compare the outcomes of open Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair using new self-gripping mesh or sutured mesh. ⋯ Based on the results, both meshes appear to result in similar postoperation outcomes. Further long-term analysis may guide surgeon selection of adapted mesh for inguinal hernia repair.
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Postoperative cognitive dysfunction, a common complication after surgery in elderly patients, is an increasing and largely underestimated problem without a defined etiology. Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The present study sought to investigate the role of neuroinflammation mediated by high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), S100B, and the receptor for advanced glycation end product (RAGE) in cognitive dysfunction after partial hepatectomy in aged mice. ⋯ These data suggest that HMGB1, S100B, and RAGE signaling modulate the hippocampal inflammatory response and might play key roles in surgery-induced cognitive decline.
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Severe burns initiate an inflammatory response characterized by the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine, which contributes to multiple organ injury. Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 1 (NHE1) plays a significant role in several inflammatory processes. This study was designed to investigate the role of NHE1 in burn-induced inflammation and multiple organ injury. ⋯ These results indicate that NHE1 inhibition prevents burn-induced multiple organ injury. The salutary effects afforded by NHE1 inhibition, at least in part, are mediated by attenuating systemic inflammatory response.