The Journal of surgical research
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Urgent tracheal intubation is common in intensive care units and the emergency room, and succinylcholine is a first-line neuromuscular blocker used in these situations. Paraplegic or critically ill patients may be at a high risk of receiving succinylcholine because the denervation stage changes nicotinic receptors, which affect the efficacy and safety of succinylcholine. The objective of this study was to determine the receptor subtypes associated with changes in the pharmacodynamics of succinylcholine and its time-line trend. ⋯ Nerve injury may alter nicotinic AChR subtypes in skeletal muscle at different stages, which probably affected the pharmacodynamics of neuromuscular blockers in different ways. Denervation time and stage and the type of neuromuscular blocker and dosage should be taken into consideration when using these drugs in patients with nerve injury.
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Salidroside (SDS) is the main effective component of Rhodiola rosea L with a variety of pharmacologic properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of SDS in the treatment of experimental sepsis in mice and explore the possible underlying action mechanisms. ⋯ SDS exerts a protective effect in CLP-induced sepsis by attenuating the proinflammatory responses, enhancing bacterial clearance, and preserving adaptive immunity. SDS may be a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of sepsis.
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We have recently proved electroacupuncture (EA) ST36 exerted an anti-inflammatory effect in the early phase of intra-abdominal adhesion formation. Evidences indicate that the anti-inflammatory effect of EA ST36 involves a cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway-dependent mechanism via the vagus nerve. However, the exact effects and accurate vagal modulation of acupuncture in prevention of postoperative intra-abdominal adhesion formation has not been thoroughly evaluated. ⋯ EA ST36 might reduce the postoperative local inflammatory response, attenuate the angiogenesis, and alleviate the adhesion formation partly via activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory mechanism.
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Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is often associated with uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock (UHS), which contributes significantly to the mortality of severe trauma. Studies have demonstrated that permissive hypotension resuscitation improves the survival for uncontrolled hemorrhage. What the ideal target mean arterial pressure (MAP) is for TBI with UHS remains unclear. ⋯ A 50-mm Hg target MAP is not suitable for the resuscitation of TBI combined with UHS. A 70 mm Hg of MAP is the ideal target resuscitation pressure for this trauma, which can keep sufficient perfusion to the brain and keep good organ function including cerebral mitochondrial function.
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Sepsis is characterized as a systemic inflammatory response syndrome during infection, which can result in multiple organ dysfunction and death. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid, has been reported to have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to detect the possible protective effects of UA on sepsis-evoked acute lung injury. ⋯ These findings indicate that UA exerts protective effects on CLP-induced septic rats. UA may be a potential therapeutic agent against sepsis.