The Journal of surgical research
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Paraplegia is one of the most common complications following aortic aneurismal surgery. The present study examined the hypothesis that neuroprotection of sevoflurane postconditioning (PostC) against spinal cord reperfusion injury is associated with free radicals-mediated up-regulation of antioxidant enzymes in rabbits. ⋯ An initial oxidative stress, as a trigger to up-regulate the antioxidant enzyme activities, plays an important role in the protection of sevoflurane PostC against spinal cord reperfusion injury.
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Mouse models are of increasing interest to study cellular and molecular mechanisms during fracture healing. However, unlike in large animals and in humans, stable fixation of fractures has been difficult due to the small size of the mouse. ⋯ The LockingMouseNail allows standardized fixation of mouse femur fractures and also stabilization of segmental defects. By introducing different gap sizes, the healing process can be influenced, ranging from normal fracture healing to atrophic non-union formation. Therefore, the model may ideally be suited to study molecular mechanisms of normal fracture healing, delayed healing, and non-union formation. It may additionally allow studying biological properties and effectiveness of different bone substitutes in stabilized segmental defects.
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Review Comparative Study
Oxidative stress in laparoscopic versus open abdominal surgery: a systematic review.
Any form of trauma, including surgery, is known to result in oxidative stress. Increased intra-abdominal pressure during pneumoperitoneum and inflation-deflation may cause ischemia reperfusion and, hence, oxidative stress may be greater during laparoscopic surgery. The aim of this study was to systemically review the literature to compare oxidative stress in laparoscopic and open procedures. ⋯ Laparoscopic surgery seems to produce less systemic oxidative stress. However the effect of pneumoperitoneum on local oxidative stress and tissue hypoxia and its clinical significance need further investigation.
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Comparative Study
Short-term effects of hydroxyethylstarch resuscitation on systemic and regional hemodynamics and metabolism in a brain-dead canine model.
Hydroxyethylstarch (HES) is a synthetic polymer of glucose that has been suggested for therapeutic use in long-term plasma expansion. The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that the infusion of a small volume of HES may provide benefits in systemic and regional hemodynamics and metabolism in a brain-dead canine model compared with large volume crystalloid resuscitation. ⋯ Small volumes of 6% HES 450/0.7 improved cardiovascular performance and provided the same regional hemodynamic and metabolic benefits of large volumes of isotonic crystalloid solutions.
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Limited fluid resuscitation has been proven to have a good effect on uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. Arginine vasopressin (AVP) and norepinephrine (NE) were used to treat vasodilatory or septic shock, and were used to reduce the fluid requirement for uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock. Based on their pressor and hemodynamic stabilization effects, it is speculated that AVP and NE may be a good treatment for uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock at early stage after hemostasis. ⋯ AVP+NE is a good treatment for uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock at the early stage after hemostasis if blood is unavailable. Whole blood transfusion can potentiate this beneficial effect of AVP+NE.