The Journal of surgical research
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The purpose of this work was to determine the effects of hypoxemia on systemic hemodynamic variables and regional conduit arterial blood flows in neonatal piglets. ⋯ The physiologic mechanisms responsible for neonatal mesenteric vasoactive responsiveness are present in conduit and in nutrient vessels well prior to birth and can be activated by a significant perturbation. These observations are germane insofar as they provide a stable, age-matched acute animal model to study neonatal intestinal ischemic diseases, including necrotizing enterocolitis.
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To identify vascular beds where endogenous adenosine plays a significant role as a mediator of resting perfusion alterations associated with sepsis, we tested the hypothesis that adenosine receptor blockade would cause differential regional increases in vascular resistance during intraperitoneal (ip) sepsis in the rat. ⋯ These data suggest that adenosine receptor-mediated actions during sepsis affect vascular beds selectively and indicate a significant role for adenosine in resting perfusion redistribution in sepsis.
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Large mammal partial thickness wound models were developed primarily for their anatomical similarity to human wounds, yet lack the economy, ease of handling, and statistical power afforded with rodent models. Previous small mammal models of partial thickness burn injury have failed to demonstrate complete reepithelialization in less than 3 weeks. We present a murine partial thickness scald model with a reepithelialization rate comparable to that of porcine wound models. ⋯ This murine model of partial thickness scald injury provides a standardized thermal wound with consistent depth of injury, low mortality, and a reepithelialization rate between 10 and 14 days. A simple protocol allows easy production of 30-50 wounds daily with one technician.
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Gene transfer to skin has many potential applications but lacks a safe, practical delivery method. This report presents a new technique, microseeding, for in vivo gene transfer to skin and wounds and for DNA-mediated vaccination. The plasmid DNA solution was delivered directly to the target cells of the skin by a set of oscillating solid microneedles driven by a modified tattooing device. ⋯ These results demonstrate that microseeding is a simple and effective method for in vivo gene transfer to skin and wounds and is more efficient than single injection and particle-mediated gene transfer.
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Temporary occlusion of the hepatic hilum is used to control hemorrhage during liver resection, but can result in widespread organ dysfunction. ⋯ Intermittent hepatic pedicle clamping reduces the ischemia-reperfusion injury not only to the liver but also to the lungs. This technique may improve the outcome in patients undergoing liver resection.