Psychiatr Pol
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In June 2018, WHO published the 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). The new edition introduced numerous changes. One of the most important was to rebuild the coding system and adapt ICD to digital use. ⋯ Taking into account the modern epidemiology and knowledge about the etiology of mental disorders, some categories have been removed from ICD. Moreover, several nonexistent categories have been added. The article summarizes and discusses the most important changes in ICD with the introduction of ICD-11, both in the coding system and in individual subchapters covering mental health issues.
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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is the treatment method widely used in psychiatric disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. The advantage of ECT is therapeutic response that occurs significantly earlier than during pharmacotherapy. Initially ECTwas used without anesthesia. ⋯ The results of this review are inconclusive when it comes to the effect of intravenous anesthetics on the quality of the ECT treatment and side effects relating to respiratory and cardiovascular system. On this basis it is impossible to determine which of intravenous anesthetics is most advantageous from the point of view of the patient. To develop the optimum scheme of anesthesia for ECT, it is necessary to conduct further, methodologically correct studies.
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The 11th edition of the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) is scheduled for approval by the World Health Assembly in May 2018. The chapter on mental disorders is currently under development. ⋯ For all the other sections of the chapter on mental disorders, a brief general definition and sometimes a description of some of the included disorders can be found on the ICD-11 beta platform. In the present article, we summarize the content of the various sections of the classification on the basis of the available documents, with the warning that some of the elements of these sections may still be subject to revision.
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This review provides an overview of the concepts, methods and current status of the development of the Eleventh Revision of the Mental and Behavioural Disorders chapter of the International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-11) by the World Health Organization (WHO). Given the global use of the current version (ICD-10) for a wide range of applications in clinical practice and health statistics, a major aim of the development process for ICD-11 has been to increase the utility of the classification system. Expert working groups with responsibility for specific disorder groupings first suggested a set of revised diagnostic guidelines. ⋯ Field studies of the revised diagnostic guidelines are in process to obtain additional information about necessary improvements. A tabulated crosswalk from previous ICD-10 to then ICD-11 criteria will be necessary to ascertain the continuity of diagnoses for epidemiological and other statistical purposes. The final version of ICD-11 is currently scheduled for release by the World Health Assembly in 2018.
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An estimated 800 000 suicide deaths occur worldwide. The global suicide rate is 11.4 per 100 000 population; 15.0/100 000 for males and 8.0/100 000 for females. Globally, suicide is the second leading cause of death in 15-29 year olds. ⋯ More than four percent (4.2%) of the sample reported attempting suicide during their lifetime, with a significantly higher prevalence among girls (5.1% vs. 3.0%, p<0.05). In comparing the effectiveness of the three active SEYLE interventions, based on three specific preventive strategies directed towards teachers and school staff, professionals and pupils in comparison to a control group, the intervention empowering pupils, called the Youth Aware of Mental Health (YAM) showed significant results in preventing new cases of suicide attempts, severe suicidal ideation with plans and depression. More than a 50% reduction of incident cases of suicide attempts (OR: 0.45 [0.24 - 0.85]; p=0.014), and of incident cases of severe suicidal ideation and plans (OR: 0.50 [0.27 - 0.92]; p=0.025), as well as a significant reduction by 30% of incident cases with moderate to severe depression (OR: 0.71 [0.52- 0.97]; p=0.031) was observed.