Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2011
[Characteristics of ischemic stroke in patients with congenital anomalies of the circle of Willis].
The study included 76 patients with ischemic stroke in the carotid system (56 patients) and in the vertebrobasilar system (20 patients). The magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed congenital anomalies of Willis circle in 31 patients. These anomalies were stratified as follows: back trifurcation of the internal carotid artery (ICA) (19 patients), anterior trifurcation of the ICA (4 patients), the combination of anterior trifurcation of the one of ICA and posterior trifurcation of the other ICA (4 patients), double back trifurcation of ICA (2 patients), the normal structure of the circle of Willis (45 patients). ⋯ Despite the lack of significant differences in the size of lesions in 2 groups, the foci in patients with the abnormalities of the circle of Willis were frequently localized in adjacent blood supply zones. The signs of vascular encephalopathy were seen as well. The data obtained suggest that the presence of anomalies in the circle of Willis is a risk factor, together with in the additional adversities, including iatrogenic factor, for the development of hemodynamic ischemic stroke.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2011
[Immunological markers of severity and outcome of traumatic brain injury].
A microscopic immunological study of cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) of 100 patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) of different severity was carried out in the 1st, 10th and 21st days after trauma. The content of antibodies to basic myelin protein (BMP) and phospholipids (PL) significantly differed from that in the control group (patients with soft tissue head injuries without TBI) and was significantly higher in patients with severe TBI. The level of antibodies to BMP in the CSF was strongly correlated with scores on the Glasgow Coma Scale in the 1st day after TBI and the degree of recovery of neurological status in the 21st day. ⋯ The correlation between antibodies to BMP and antibodies to PL was weak. The different diagnostic value of antibodies to BMP and to PL in the most acute period of TBI was found. In conclusion, content of antibodies to BMP may be used as a marker of TBI severity and outcome while the significant elevation of antibodies to PL indicates the severity of vascular complications of trauma.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2011
[Prediction of outcomes of moderate and severe brain injury and cerebral trauma in victims evacuated from the warfare].
The aim was to estimate predictors and prognostic models of the nearest outcomes in moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. Authors have analyzed 75 medical histories of patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury. ⋯ The results obtained confirm the prognostic value of the Glasgow coma scale. The additional account of the indicators characterizing the expression of inflammatory processes and organ insufficiency allows to significantly improve the prognostic models of outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury.
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Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr · Jan 2011
[Mental health of the world population: epidemiological aspects (the analysis of foreign research results for 2000-2010)].
Modern approaches to studying prevalence of a mental pathology and the results received during 2000-2010 are analyzed according to a condition of mental health of the population of separate regions and countries of the world. Information sources were databases of the WHO, a database of the United States National Library of Medicine "PubMed", archives of publications of leading foreign medical magazines in the field of mental health. The growth of prevalence and incidence of mental illnesses, especially depressive and anxiety disorders, with the corresponding increasing burden of mental disorders worldwide is observed. To obtain reliable results, modern schemes of epidemiological studies should be realized with the account of social-cultural level of the population, adaptation of diagnostic tools, qualitative preparation and training of the personnel and with the precise use of statistical criteria and requirements to the selection and analysis of research information.