The Journal of urology
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2001
Comparative StudyIndications for admission to the surgical intensive care unit after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion.
We analyzed the practice of mandatory surgical intensive care unit admission after radical cystectomy, and defined objective criteria to predict active treatment requirements and surgical intensive care unit stay. ⋯ Mandatory surgical intensive care unit admission of all patients after radical cystectomy and urinary diversion does not appear indicated. A subset of patients at low risk for requiring active treatment may be identified who may be safely treated in an intermediate care setting after initial postoperative observation in the recovery room. The results of our retrospective analysis and risk stratification model should be validated in a prospective trial.
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2001
Comparative StudyRelationship between systematic biopsies and histological features of 222 radical prostatectomy specimens: lack of prediction of tumor significance for men with nonpalpable prostate cancer.
Because of the recent increase in nonpalpable prostate cancer (clinical stage T1c) in men, preoperative needle biopsy findings have had an important role for treatment decisions. We examine the correlation among histopathological features of 6 systematic biopsies and radical prostatectomy specimens in which 1 investigator reviewed all histological sections. ⋯ These results indicate a weak and disappointing correlation among all pathological features of 6 systematic biopsies and radical prostatectomy specimens. The combination of 1 positive core with cancer length less than 3 mm. that contains no Gleason grade 4/5 is probably the best predictor of prostate cancer less than 0.5 cc in men with nonpalpable tumors, a cancer volume that occurred in only 10% of the 222 (23) men.
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA crossover randomized trial of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and oxybutynin in patients with detrusor instability.
Management of idiopathic detrusor instability is difficult in most patients mainly due to the lack of a complete understanding of the pathophysiology. Oxybutynin and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation have been used but to our knowledge no direct comparisons have been made. ⋯ Both treatments clearly improved subjective parameters. However, only oxybutynin showed significant improvements in objective urodynamic parameters. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation can be used in patients who cannot take oxybutynin. Further studies are needed to show the long-term efficacy and cost analyses of nerve stimulation.
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2001
ReviewNephron sparing surgery for renal tumors: indications, techniques and outcomes.
A contemporary review of the indications, techniques and outcomes is presented for nephron sparing approaches to solid renal masses, emphasizing their role for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. We also reviewed the evolving role of minimally invasive forms of parenchymal sparing renal surgery. ⋯ Nephron sparing surgery provides effective therapy for patients in whom preservation of renal function is a relevant clinical consideration. The importance of meticulous operative technique for achieving acceptable oncological and functional outcomes is emphasized. Accumulating data in appropriately select patients suggest a long-term functional advantage gained by the maximal preservation of unaffected renal parenchyma without sacrificing cancer control.
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The Journal of urology · Jul 2001
Comparative StudyGunshot wounds to the ureter: a 40-year experience at Grady Memorial Hospital.
Because of the morbidity associated with missed ureteral injuries, a high index of suspicion must be present to diagnose this type of injury. We reviewed our 40 years of trauma experience at Grady Memorial Hospital. ⋯ To our knowledge this series of ureteral injuries is the largest reported to date. Because preoperative urinalysis and imaging studies are unreliable for ruling out injury, a high index of suspicion must be present. Furthermore, a predefined trauma protocol, as defined in our algorithm, decreases the number of missed ureteral injuries that may potentially complicate the outcome of an already critical case.