Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Kangaroo mother care and the bonding hypothesis.
Based on the general bonding hypothesis, it is suggested that kangaroo mother care (KMC) creates a climate in the family whereby parents become prone to sensitive caregiving. The general hypothesis is that skin-to-skin contact in the KMC group will build up a positive perception in the mothers and a state of readiness to detect and respond to infant's cues. ⋯ These results suggest that KMC should be promoted actively and that mothers should be encouraged to use it as soon as possible during the intensive care period up to the 40 weeks of gestational age. Thus, KMC should be viewed as a means of humanizing the process of g
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To determine the frequencies of human rhinovirus (HRV), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and coronavirus (HCV) infection in children with acute otitis media (AOM). ⋯ These findings highlight the importance of common respiratory viruses, particularly HRV and RSV, in predisposing to and causing AOM in young children.
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To characterize neuroimaging, physical, neurobehavioral, and developmental findings in children with inflicted and noninflicted traumatic brain injury (TBI) and to identify characteristic features of inflicted TBI. ⋯ Characteristic features of inflicted TBI included acute computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging findings of preexisting brain injury, extraaxial hemorrhages, seizures, retinal hemorrhages, and significantly impaired cognitive function without prolonged impairment of consciousness.
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Comparative Study
Perinatal human immunodeficiency virus-1 transmission and intrauterine growth: a cohort study in Butare, Rwanda.
To study the association of perinatal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 transmission with birth outcomes, including birth weight, gestational age, ponderal index, head circumference, and weight/head ratio. ⋯ After adjustment for potential confounding variables, this study showed statistically significant differences in birth weight, gestational age, ponderal index, and weight/head ratio when HIV-infected infants were compared with noninfected infants born to HIV-positive mothers. HIV-1, mother-to-child transmission, Africa, intrauterine growth, birth weight, gestational age, ponderal index.
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Establish prevalence rates of urinary tract infection (UTI) in febrile infants and young girls in an emergency department (ED) by demographics and clinical parameters. ⋯ UTI is prevalent in young children, particularly white girls, without a definite source of fever. Specific clinical signs and symptoms of UTI are uncommon, and the presence of another potential source of fever such as upper respiratory infection or otitis media is not reliable in excluding UTI.