Pediatrics
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Review Meta Analysis
Symptomatic treatment of migraine in children: a systematic review of medication trials.
Treatment of pediatric migraine includes an individually tailored regimen of both nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic measures. The mainstay of symptomatic treatment in children with migraine is intermittent oral or suppository analgesics, but there is no coherent body of evidence on symptomatic treatment of childhood migraine available. The objective of this review is to describe and assess the evidence from randomized and clinical controlled trials concerning the efficacy and tolerability of symptomatic treatment of migraine in children. ⋯ Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and nasal-spray sumatriptan are all effective symptomatic pharmacologic treatments for episodes of migraine in children. The new frontier for symptomatic treatment is likely to be the development of triptan agents for use in children. Most treatments have only been evaluated in 1 or 2 studies, which limits the generalizability of the findings. We strongly recommend performing a large, high-quality randomized, controlled trial evaluating different symptomatic medications compared with each other or to placebo treatment. Favorable high-quality studies should be performed and reported according to the CONSORT statement. Clinical improvement of HA should be used as the primary outcome measure, but quality of life, days missed at school, and satisfaction of child or parents should also be used as an outcome measure in future studies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Morphine administration and short-term pulmonary outcomes among ventilated preterm infants.
The use of opioid therapy for sedation and analgesia among ventilated infants varies among care providers. The impact of opioid therapy early in the neonatal course of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) on pulmonary outcomes is not known. ⋯ Morphine infusions do not improve short-term pulmonary outcomes among ventilated preterm neonates. Additional morphine doses were associated with worsening respiratory outcomes among preterm neonates with RDS.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
International comparison of care for very low birth weight infants: parents' perceptions of counseling and decision-making.
To characterize parent perceptions and satisfaction with physician counseling and delivery-room resuscitation of very low birth weight infants in countries with neonatal intensive care capacity. ⋯ Counseling differs by center among these centers in Australasia and California. Given that parents desire to play an active role in decision-making for their premature infant, physicians should strive to provide parents the medical information critical for informed decision-making. Given that parents do not seek sole decision-making capacity, physicians should foster parental involvement in life-support decisions to the extent appropriate for local cultural norms.
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To investigate the relationship of neonatal platelet count and preeclampsia to levels of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), placental growth factor (PlGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the cord blood of preterm infants. ⋯ Excess sFlt-1 may play an important role in the development of maternal preeclampsia- induced neonatal thrombocytopenia, and SGA.