Pediatrics
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To describe the epidemiology of baseball-related injuries among children in the United States. ⋯ Youth baseball is a relatively safe sport for children. Although injury rates and the total number of injuries declined during the study period, our findings indicate that there are opportunities for making baseball an even safer sport for children. We recommend that all youth baseball players wear properly fitted mouth guards, that all leagues, schools, and parks install safety bases, that all batters use helmets with face shields, and that all players use safety baseballs.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Does nebulized lidocaine reduce the pain and distress of nasogastric tube insertion in young children? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Nasogastric tube insertion is a common procedure in children that is very painful and distressing. Although nebulized lidocaine has been shown to be effective in reducing the pain and discomfort of nasogastric tube insertion in adults, there have been no similar studies in children. We set out to investigate the role of nebulized lidocaine in reducing pain and distress of nasogastric tube insertion in young children. ⋯ Nasogastric tube insertion results in very high FLACC scores irrespective of lidocaine use. Nebulized lidocaine cannot be recommended as pain relief for nasogastric tube insertion in children. The delay and distress of nebulization likely outweigh a possible benefit in the postinsertion period.
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Our goal was to evaluate the effects of a helium/oxygen mixture (heliox) on pulmonary mechanics and gas exchange in preterm infants during both conventional and noninvasive ventilation. ⋯ Our data show that mechanical ventilation with heliox reduces resistive work of breathing and ventilatory support requirements and improves gas exchange in preterm infants.
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Multicenter Study
Diagnostic value of immature neutrophils (bands) in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis.
We evaluated the diagnostic utility of the presence and number of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) bands in distinguishing bacterial from aseptic meningitis among children with CSF pleocytosis. ⋯ In this multicenter study, neither the presence nor quantity of CSF bands independently predicted bacterial meningitis among children with CSF pleocytosis.