Pediatrics
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Selective head cooling in newborn infants after perinatal asphyxia: a safety study.
To determine the practicality and safety of head cooling with mild or minimal systemic hypothermia in term neonates with moderate to severe hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. ⋯ Mild selective head cooling combined with mild systemic hypothermia in term newborn infants after perinatal asphyxia is a safe and convenient method of quickly reducing cerebral temperature with an increased gradient between the surface of the scalp and core temperature. The safety of mild hypothermia with selective head cooling is in contrast with the historical evidence of adverse effects with greater depths of whole-body hypothermia. This safety study and the strong experimental evidence for improved cerebral outcome justify a multicenter trial of selective head cooling for neonatal encephalopathy in term infants.
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Comment Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Palivizumab, a humanized respiratory syncytial virus monoclonal antibody, reduces hospitalization from respiratory syncytial virus infection in high-risk infants. The IMpact-RSV Study Group.
To determine the safety and efficacy of prophylaxis with palivizumab in reducing the incidence of hospitalization because of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in high-risk infants. ⋯ Monthly intramuscular administration of palivizumab is safe and effective for prevention of serious RSV illness in premature children and those with BPD.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Kangaroo mother care and the bonding hypothesis.
Based on the general bonding hypothesis, it is suggested that kangaroo mother care (KMC) creates a climate in the family whereby parents become prone to sensitive caregiving. The general hypothesis is that skin-to-skin contact in the KMC group will build up a positive perception in the mothers and a state of readiness to detect and respond to infant's cues. ⋯ These results suggest that KMC should be promoted actively and that mothers should be encouraged to use it as soon as possible during the intensive care period up to the 40 weeks of gestational age. Thus, KMC should be viewed as a means of humanizing the process of g
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A comparison of supination/flexion to hyperpronation in the reduction of radial head subluxations.
To compare supination at the wrist followed by flexion at the elbow (the traditional reduction technique) to hyperpronation at the wrist in the reduction of radial head subluxations (nursemaid's elbow). ⋯ In the reduction of radial head subluxations, the hyperpronation technique required fewer attempts at reduction compared with supination, was successful more often than supination, and was often successful when supination failed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Cystic fibrosis newborn screening: impact on reproductive behavior and implications for genetic counseling.
To evaluate the impact of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis (CF) on the reproductive knowledge and behavior of CF families and to determine if heterozygote detection with the immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) method in conjunction with DNA analysis (IRT/DNA) influences knowledge and attitudes about reproduction in false-positive families. ⋯ We conclude that CF neonatal screening does not have a significant impact on the reproductive behavior of most families and that prenatal diagnosis is not used by the majority of CF families. IRT/DNA testing experiences seem to affect attitudes about having more children, and some parents are confused about the implications of the results, even with genetic counseling. However, persistent concerns about the sweat test result are limited. Questions raised by this study confirm the need for more research regarding the process of genetic counseling and its impact on reproductive attitudes and behavior in the newborn screening setting.