Neuroendocrinol Lett
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2012
Lactic acidosis in medical ICU - the role of diabetes mellitus and metformin.
To evaluate the significance of diabetes mellitus and metformin in patients admitted to medical ICU with lactic acidosis. ⋯ The presence of diabetes mellitus and metformin application is not associated with the presence of lactic acidosis in medical ICU and its mortality. The prognosis of acute renal failure of patients on metformin is good if the subjects with sepsis are excluded.
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
Central diabetes insipidus is not a common and prognostically worse type of hypernatremia in neurointensive care.
Hypernatremia is a common sodium dysbalance in neurointensive care which is associated with worse outcome. It can be caused by central diabetes insipidus (cDI) or by other mechanisms, more often from osmotherapy and furosemide. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of cDI and to analyse outcome as compared with other causes of hypernatremias found in neurointesive care. ⋯ Central diabetes insipidus is not a frequent type of hypernatremia in neurointensive care. Prognosis is connected with serum sodium level, not with type of hypernatremia.
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
Comparative StudyCodeine did not increase analgesic efficacy of coxibs in contrast to that of paracetamol or ibuprofen: isobolographic analysis in mice.
There is good evidence that opioids can potentiate analgesic activity of some older non-opioid analgesics (such as paracetamol or ibuprofen) but it is not known whether this also holds true for newer non-opioid analgesics that selectively inhibit cyclooxygenase 2 (coxibs). This study was undertaken to determine the nature of the interaction between codeine and celecoxib or etoricoxib in peritoneal irritation-induced visceral pain in mice. For comparison, interactions of codeine with paracetamol and ibuprofen were also tested using the same method. ⋯ These and other results suggest that opioids do not seem to potentiate analgesic effects of selective COX-2 inhibitors, in contrast to nonselective COX inhibitors or paracetamol.
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
ReviewDisrupted chronobiology of sleep and cytoprotection in obesity: possible therapeutic value of melatonin.
From a physiological perspective the sleep-wake cycle can be envisioned as a sequence of three physiological states (wakefulness, non-rapid eye movement, NREM, sleep and REM sleep) which are defined by a particular neuroendocrine-immune profile regulating the metabolic balance, body weight and inflammatory responses. Sleep deprivation and circadian disruption in contemporary "24/7 Society" lead to the predominance of pro-orexic and proinflammatory mechanisms that contribute to a pandemic metabolic syndrome (MS) including obesity, diabetes and atherosclerotic disease. Thus, a successful management of MS may require a drug that besides antagonizing the trigger factors of MS could also correct a disturbed sleep-wake rhythm. ⋯ More recently, attention has been focused on the development of potent melatonin analogs with prolonged effects (ramelteon, agomelatine, tasimelteon, TK 301). In clinical trials these analogs were employed in doses considerably higher than those usually employed for melatonin. In view that the relative potencies of the analogs are higher than that of the natural compound, clinical trials employing melatonin doses in the range of 50-100 mg/day are needed to assess its therapeutic value in MS.
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Neuroendocrinol Lett · Jan 2011
N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide with fractional excretion and clearance of sodium in relation to cardiovascular events after elective cervical spine surgery.
N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is increasingly being used as a biomarker of cardiovascular risk. To date neither its cut-off for postoperative period in noncardiac surgery nor whether the cardiovascular risk has any relation to natriuresis has been assessed. ⋯ The significant postoperative elevation of NT-proBNP had no relationship with the rise in FENa+, CNa+ or fUNa+ and was not connected with any occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients after elective cervical spine surgery.