Jpen Parenter Enter
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Sep 2014
Exploitation of diagnostic computed tomography scans to assess the impact of nutrition support on body composition changes in respiratory failure patients.
Assessment of nutritional status in intensive care unit (ICU) patients is limited. Computed tomography (CT) scans that include the first to fifth lumbar region completed for diagnostic purposes measures fat and lean body mass (LBM) depots and are frequently done in ICU populations and can be used to quantify fat and LBM depots. The purpose of this study was to assess if these scans could measure change in skeletal muscle (SKT), visceral adipose (VAT), and intermuscular adipose (IMAT) tissue and to examine the association between the amount of energy and protein received and changes in these depots. ⋯ CT scans can be exploited to assess change in body composition in ICU patients and may assist in detecting the causal link between nutritional support and outcomes in future clinical trials.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Sep 2014
Bedside ultrasound is a practical and reliable measurement tool for assessing quadriceps muscle layer thickness.
Critically ill patients commonly experience skeletal muscle wasting that may predict clinical outcome. Ultrasound is a noninvasive method that can measure muscle quadriceps muscle layer thickness (QMLT) and subsequently lean body mass (LBM) at the bedside. However, currently the reliability of these measurements are unknown. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the intra- and interreliability of measuring QMLT using bedside ultrasound. ⋯ Excellent intra- and interrater reliability for ultrasound measurements of QMLT in healthy volunteers was observed when performed by a range of providers with no prior ultrasound experience, including dietitians, nurses, physicians, and research assistants. This technique shows promise as a method to evaluate LBM status in ICU or hospital settings and as a method to assess the effects of nutrition and exercise-based interventions on muscle wasting.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Sep 2014
Identifying patient-centered quality indicators for the care of adult home parenteral nutrition (HPN) patients.
Previous qualitative research, aimed at eliciting the experiences and views of home parenteral nutrition (HPN) patients in daily life, revealed little information on HPN care. However, to perform patient-centered care, it is important to understand what "quality of care" means for adult HPN patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify quality indicators through patients' perspectives. ⋯ Interviews with HPN patients revealed an interesting set of indicators that can be used to perform, evaluate, or improve current HPN care and are a starting point for a more patient-centered approach.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · Sep 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRandomized clinical trial of new intravenous lipid (SMOFlipid 20%) versus medium-chain triglycerides/long-chain triglycerides in adult patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.
SMOFlipid 20% is intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) containing long-chain triglycerides (LCT), medium-chain triglycerides (MCT), olive oil, and fish oil as a mixed emulsion containing α-tocopherol. The aim was to assess the efficacy of this new ILE in gastrointestinal surgery compared with MCT/LCT. ⋯ Despite the comparable effect on inflammatory response, because of its well-balanced fatty acid pattern, relatively low n-6:n-3 ratio, and high vitamin E content, SMOFlipid had a better triglyceride-lowering effect as compared with MCT/LCT in adult patients undergoing gastrointestinal surgery.