Pediatr Crit Care Me
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Sep 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyLevosimendan versus milrinone in neonates and infants after corrective open-heart surgery: a pilot study.
Low cardiac output syndrome commonly complicates the postoperative course after open-heart surgery in children. To prevent low cardiac output syndrome, prophylactic administration of milrinone after cardiopulmonary bypass is commonly used in small children. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of prophylactically administered levosimendan and milrinone on cardiac index in neonates and infants after corrective open-heart surgery. ⋯ In our small study, postoperative cardiac index over time was similar in patients with prophylactically administered levosimendan and patients with prophylactically given milrinone. We observed an increase in cardiac output and cardiac index over time in the levosimendan group, whereas cardiac output and cardiac index remained stable in the milrinone group. This pilot study has primarily served to obtain experience using the new drug levosimendan in neonates and infants and to initiate further multicenter trials in pediatric patients.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Sep 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOral mucosal decontamination with chlorhexidine for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in children - a randomized, controlled trial.
To study the efficacy of oral mucosal decontamination with chlorhexidine gel for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in children between 3 months and 15 yrs. ⋯ Oral mucosal application on 1% chlorhexidine gel did not prevent the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia in children 3 months to 15 yrs age.
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Pediatr Crit Care Me · Sep 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialPlacement of peripherally inserted central catheters in children guided by ultrasound: a prospective randomized, and controlled trial.
To compare the use of vascular Doppler ultrasound with vein visualization and palpation for positioning peripherally inserted central catheters in children and to determine the influence of these methods on the success of the first puncture attempt, catheter positioning, and time required for the accomplishment. ⋯ The use of ultrasound increased the successful positioning of peripherally inserted central catheters in comparison with the venous anatomic landmark visualization and palpation technique and further optimized the time spent on the procedure.