British medical bulletin
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In May 2022, the World Health Organisation declared a multi-country monkeypox outbreak in non-endemic countries following cases reported from 12 member states that were not endemic for monkeypox virus. ⋯ Current treatment and vaccination options have been extrapolated from studies of other Orthopox viruses. There remains a need for more data on the safety and efficacy of these options in the context of monkeypox infections.
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loneliness is prevalent worldwide. It is also associated with an increased risk for depression, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, stroke and early death. As such, loneliness is a major public health issue. This paper summarizes the salient points clinicians should know and encourages clinicians to assume an active part in the identification, mitigation and prevention of loneliness. ⋯ more research is needed to further elucidate the health impacts of loneliness as well as to find evidence-based interventions to prevent and mitigate loneliness that could then be implemented by policy-makers and clinicians.
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British medical bulletin · Apr 2023
ReviewMethods of assessing value for money of UK-based early childhood public health interventions: a systematic literature review.
Economic evaluation has an important role to play in the demonstration of value for money of early childhood public health interventions; however, concerns have been raised regarding their consistent application and relevance to commissioners. This systematic review of the literature therefore aims to collate the breadth of the existing economic evaluation evidence of these interventions and to identify the approaches adopted in the assessment of value. ⋯ Future resource allocations decisions regarding early childhood public health interventions may benefit from consistency in the evaluative frameworks and health outcomes captured, as well as consistency in approaches to incorporating non-health costs and outcomes, incorporating equity concerns and the use of appropriate time horizons.
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British medical bulletin · Apr 2023
Meta AnalysisKnee osteoarthritis, joint laxity and PROMs following conservative management versus surgical reconstruction for ACL rupture: a meta-analysis.
Patients whose rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) can be managed conservatively or undergo reconstruction surgery. ⋯ ACL reconstruction provides significant improvement in joint laxity compared to conservative management, but is associated with a significantly greater rate of knee osteoarthritis, despite similar results at PROM assessment.
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British medical bulletin · Apr 2023
ReviewImplementing brief and low-intensity psychological interventions for children and young people with internalizing disorders: a rapid realist review.
Many children fail to receive the mental health treatments they need, despite strong evidence demonstrating efficacy of brief and low-intensity psychological interventions. This review identifies the barriers and facilitators to their implementation. ⋯ Longitudinal studies can identify methods and processes for enhancing long-term implementation and considers ways to monitor and evaluate uptake into routine practice.