Resp Care
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Nasal cannulas are commonly used to deliver oxygen in acute and chronic care settings; however, there are few data available on delivered fraction of inspired oxygen (F(IO(2))). The purposes of this study were to determine the delivered F(IO(2)) on human subjects using low-flow and high-flow nasal cannulas, and to determine the effects of mouth-closed and mouth-open breathing on F(IO(2)). ⋯ F(IO(2)) increased with increasing flow. Subjects who breathed with their mouths open attained a significantly higher F(IO(2)), compared to those who breathed with their mouths closed.
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Comparative Study
Evaluation of resistance in 8 different heat-and-moisture exchangers: effects of saturation and flow rate/profile.
When endotracheal intubation is required during ventilatory support, the physiologic mechanisms of heating and humidifying the inspired air related to the upper airways are bypassed. The task of conditioning the air can be partially accomplished by heat-and-moisture exchangers (HMEs). ⋯ Resistance was little affected by saturation in hygroscopic models, when compared to the hydrophobic or hygroscopic/hydrophobic HME. Changes in inspiratory flow did not cause relevant alterations in resistance.
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Editorial Comment
Inhalers in asthma management: is demonstration the key to compliance?
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Historical Article
Ventilator-induced lung injury: from barotrauma to biotrauma.