Arch Neurol Chicago
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Aug 1996
Prevalence of risk factors in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage and aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
To evaluate whether differences exist in the occurrence of modifiable risk factors between aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage, since these stroke subtypes have frequently been combined in epidemiological studies and labeled hemorrhagic stroke. ⋯ Hypertension, diabetes mellitus, anticoagulant treatment, and amount of alcohol taken within 1 week seem more commonly to be associated with intracerebral hemorrhage than with subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is, however, associated more frequently with cigarette smoking.
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Aug 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSafety and tolerance of multiple doses of intramuscular fosphenytoin substituted for oral phenytoin in epilepsy or neurosurgery.
Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of fosphenytoin sodium, a water-soluble phenytoin prodrug, were investigated after a temporary substitution of intramuscular fosphenytoin for oral phenytoin sodium in 240 epileptic or neurosurgical patients taking oral phenytoin sodium (100-500 mg/d). ⋯ Dosing adjustments are not required when intramuscular fosphenytoin is temporarily substituted or oral phenytoin therapy is resumed. Intramuscular fosphenytoin is a safe and well-tolerated alternative to oral phenytoin when oral administration is not feasible.
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Arch Neurol Chicago · Aug 1996
The potential contribution of the polymerase chain reaction to the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis.
To examine diagnostic utility of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in tuberculous meningitis (TBM). ⋯ Many patients who respond to treatment for TBM do not have M tuberculosis in the CSF identifiable by microscopy, PCR, or culture. Polymerase chain reaction on CSF is the best method for the laboratory diagnosis of TBM. Polymerase chain reaction is especially useful for the early diagnosis of TBM in those without active extraneural tuberculosis.