J Rheumatol
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Double blind randomized placebo control trial of controlled release codeine in the treatment of osteoarthritis of the hip or knee.
Pain is the cardinal feature of osteoarthritis (OA), and with advancing disease there is loss of function and increasing pain even at times of joint rest. Few studies have evaluated the role of opioid analgesics in treating the pain of OA. ⋯ Single entity controlled release codeine is an effective treatment for pain due to OA of the hip or knee.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Efficacy of tramadol in treatment of chronic low back pain.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of tramadol in the treatment of chronic low back pain. ⋯ Among patients who tolerated it well, tramadol was effective for the treatment of chronic low back pain.