The Medical journal of Australia
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To assess the effect of opioid substitution (substituting one member of the opioid class for another) on the incidence and severity of adverse effects in palliative care patients who experience unacceptable, refractory adverse effects when taking an opioid drug. ⋯ We found that the incidence and severity of adverse effects differed between opioids in the same patient. A trial of opioid substitution (usually in consultation with a specialist pain or palliative care unit and with auditing of outcomes) should be considered for patients with intolerable, refractory adverse effects of opioids.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Clinical pathways in hip and knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomised controlled study.
To ascertain the effectiveness of clinical pathways for improving patient outcomes and decreasing lengths of stay after hip and knee arthroplasty. ⋯ Clinical pathway is an effective method of improving patient outcomes and decreasing length of stay following hip and knee arthroplasty.