The Medical journal of Australia
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Gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in infancy is common, physiological and self-limiting; it is distinguished from gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) by the presence of organic complications and/or troublesome symptomatology. GORD is more common in infants with certain comorbidities, including history of prematurity, neurological impairment, repaired oesophageal atresia, repaired diaphragmatic hernia, and cystic fibrosis. ⋯ Investigations should be considered to exclude other pathology in infants referred with suspected GORD, and occasionally to confirm the diagnosis. Management of GORD should follow a step-wise approach that uses non-pharmacological options where possible and pharmacological interventions only where necessary.
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To examine associations between being the subject of child protection reports in early childhood and diagnoses of mental disorders during middle childhood, by level of service response. ⋯ Childhood-onset mental disorders are more frequently diagnosed in children who come to the attention of child protection services during early childhood, particularly in children placed in out-of-home care.
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To calculate lifetime risks of cancer diagnosis and cancer-specific death, adjusted for competing mortality, and to compare these estimates with the corresponding risks published by the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW). ⋯ The method employed in Australia to calculate the lifetime risks of cancer diagnosis and mortality overestimates these risks, especially for men.
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Migraine affects over a billion people worldwide in any year and is the second most common cause of years lost due to disability. Not "just a headache", morbidity washes though society and carries a substantial economic and social cost. Understanding of migraine pathophysiology has progressed significantly. ⋯ They promise an improved safety profile and ease of use in comparison to older, repurposed medications. Devices promise a non-drug alternative should patients prefer. The migraine understanding and treatment landscape is changing rapidly.