Arch Med Sci
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High estrogen levels could reduce pregnancy rates by disrupting the implantation of the embryo into the endometrium in patients treated with fresh cycles of in vitro fertilization. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of estrogen levels on the pregnancy and abortion rate in autologous frozen embryo transfer with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). ⋯ In autologous frozen embryo transfer with HRT, estrogen levels did not have a significant effect on the pregnancy or abortion rate. Therefore, estrogen levels do not need to be monitored in frozen embryo transfer with HRT.
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Ultrasonographic estimation of fetal weight (EFW) is a standard obstetrical procedure in daily clinical practice. Formulas for calculating EFW most commonly are a combination of two-dimensional measurements. A relatively new approach is the use of three-dimensional measurements such as fractional thigh volume (TVol) incorporated into specific regression equations. The objective of this study was to compare the Lee formula based on three-dimensional ultrasonographic TVol in the estimation of fetal weight before delivery in term pregnancies to the Hadlock I formula. ⋯ Thigh volume measurement incorporated into the Lee single parameter formula is comparable to the Hadlock I formula in terms of accuracy in predicting fetal weight before delivery. There was no significant difference in the time needed for taking necessary measurements between the two groups.
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The reported relationship between coffee intake and renal function is poorly understood. By applying two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) and systematic review and meta-analysis we investigated the association of caffeine and coffee intake with prevalent CKD and markers of renal function. ⋯ Implementing different strategies, we detected no significant association between coffee consumption and renal function or risk of CKD.
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Nasal bone to nasal tip length ratio for describing nasal bone hypoplasia and predicting trisomy 21.
Fetal nasal bone hypoplasia has been proven to be a strong marker for trisomy 21 during second trimester ultrasonography. Rather than evaluating the nasal bone hypoplasia according to the nomograms, it may be possible to evaluate it with a more practical and specific method. ⋯ This study suggested that the nasal bone to nasal tip length ratio may be a new promising and practical sonographic marker in the second trimester genetic sonography. Although its sensitivity is not high, it seems to be more practical and specific than the evaluation of fetal nasal bone length.
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Subchorionic hematoma (SCH) in pregnancy has been associated with increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association of SCH with adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women in relation to size of hematoma and control subjects. ⋯ Our findings suggest that large SCH might indicate an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as 1st trimester vaginal bleeding, early pregnancy loss, IUGR, placental abruption or preterm delivery. These findings are important to guide the patients with SCH for detailed clinical evaluation.