Arch Med Sci
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High estrogen levels could reduce pregnancy rates by disrupting the implantation of the embryo into the endometrium in patients treated with fresh cycles of in vitro fertilization. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of estrogen levels on the pregnancy and abortion rate in autologous frozen embryo transfer with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). ⋯ In autologous frozen embryo transfer with HRT, estrogen levels did not have a significant effect on the pregnancy or abortion rate. Therefore, estrogen levels do not need to be monitored in frozen embryo transfer with HRT.
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The role of low-dose aspirin combined with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in the treatment of preeclampsia (PE) remains unclear. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of low-dose aspirin combined with LMWH in PE treatment, to provide evidence for clinical PE management. ⋯ Low-dose aspirin combined with LMWH treatment of PE may be advantageous to improve blood pressure, 24-hour proteinuria and coagulation function, and it may reduce the adverse reactions in pregnant women without increasing adverse perinatal outcomes.
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Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a growing health problem nationally and worldwide. Magnesium is an important mineral that is essential for a wide range of metabolic reactions. Here, our primary goal was to determine the prevalence of hypomagnesemia and its relationship to glycemic control, cardiovascular markers, and T2D-related complications. ⋯ Almost one-third of the screened T2D patients have hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia was associated with the treatment modalities, worse glycemic control, and with peripheral artery disease.
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Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism results from a dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, which is essential for the development and function of the reproductive system. It may be associated with anosmia, referred to as Kallmann syndrome, or a normal sense of smell. Numerous studies have proven that hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is not simply a monogenic Mendelian disease, but that more than one gene may be involved in its pathogenesis in a single patient. The oligogenic complex architecture underlying the disease is still largely unknown. ⋯ The finding supports the importance of oligogenic inheritance and demonstrates the complexity of genetic architecture in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. It also underlines the necessity for developing fine-tuned guidelines to provide a tool for adequate and precise sequence variant classification in non-Mendelian conditions.
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Frequently-relapsing/steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (FRSDNS) leads to steroid toxicity impairing quality of life (QOL), thus prompting the use of steroid-sparing drugs. ⋯ As first-line steroid-sparing agent, rituximab is more effective and safer than cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus in FRSDNS, and improve QOL.