Arch Med Sci
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Currently, just a few major parameters are used for cardiovascular (CV) risk quantification to identify many of the high-risk subjects; however, they leave a lot of them with an underestimated level of CV risk which does not reflect the reality. ⋯ The KSC MR study results, if positive, could establisha base for development of proper software for revealing high-risk patients, as well as patients with suggested positive coronary angiography findings, based on the principles of personalised medicine.
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Cytokines are important immune modulator factors controlling homeostasis of the body and are involved in tissue regeneration after wound healing. The encapsulation of cytokines in liposomes has many advantages potentially useful for their transfer to the cells. Liposomes protect cytokines from neutralization, improving their pharmacokinetics or biologic activity in vivo. They are targeted to specific cell types and may delay the release of cytokines, allowing their sustained paracrine delivery. Their physicochemical characteristics such as size, shape, charge, and stability are important parameters improving bio-distribution and prolonged pharmacokinetics of encapsulated cytokines. ⋯ The G-CSF or GM-CSF can be delivered to the cells in working concentrations through the encapsulation in the liposomes. Before the clinical application, the efficiency of these liposomes should be confirmed by an in vivo study.
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The degenerative effects of imidacloprid via oxidative stress are known. Irisin is a recently discovered peptide with energy regulator and antioxidant effects. In addition, the antioxidant potential of Vitamin D has been reported in previous studies. The current study was performed to investigate the effect of Vitamin D on testis morphology and irisin immunoreactivity in imidacloprid-treated rats. ⋯ In the present study it was observed that Vitamin D ameliorated testis injury caused by imidacloprid. Furthermore, imidacloprid was found to increase the immunoreactivity of irisin. In the light of our findings, we conclude that the use of Vitamin D could be beneficial against testicular damage caused by imidacloprid.
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In the present study, we aimed to examine the effects of the administration of whey protein through rectal enema to rats with acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis on the pathways of nuclear-related factor-2 (Nrf-2), haem oxygenase-1 (HO-1), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), active protein kinase-1 (AP-1), tumour necrotising factor-α (TNF-α), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-6, IL-10. ⋯ Whey protein modulates Nrf2/HO-1 and NF-kB pathways, thereby creating a therapeutic effect against colonic inflammation induced by acetic acid (AA) due to its anti-inflammatory effects.