Bmc Med
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The current guidelines for survivorship in adolescents and young adults (AYA) cancer are based on studies conducted in the United States and European AYA survivors. However, previous studies have shown that the health-related quality of life in cancer survivors can vary depending on race, yet the long-term health differences among AYA survivors by race/ethnicity have not been fully explored. Therefore, our aim is to compare the psychosocial and physical health of AYA survivors and their matched controls across different racial and ethnic groups. ⋯ This study provides evidence for future studies concerning long-term health after AYA cancer survivorship that may vary according to race.
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Microglia are known to regulate stress and anxiety in both humans and animal models. Psychosocial stress is the most common risk factor for the development of schizophrenia. However, how microglia/brain macrophages contribute to schizophrenia is not well established. We hypothesized that effector molecules expressed in microglia/macrophages were involved in schizophrenia via regulating stress susceptibility. ⋯ Microglial/macrophagic CSF1R regulated schizophrenia-associated stress and brain angiogenesis.
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Psoriasis and atopic eczema are common inflammatory skin diseases. Existing research has identified increased risks of common mental disorders (anxiety, depression) in people with eczema and psoriasis; however, explanations for the associations remain unclear. We aimed to establish the risk factors for mental illness in those with eczema or psoriasis and identify the population groups most at risk. ⋯ Atopic eczema and psoriasis are associated with increased incidence of anxiety and depression in adults. These associations may be mediated through known modifiable risk factors, especially sleep quality in people with eczema. Our findings highlight potential opportunities for the prevention of anxiety and depression in people with eczema/psoriasis through treatment of modifiable risk factors and enhanced eczema/psoriasis management.
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Disrupted intestinal epithelial barrier is one of the major causes of Crohn's disease (CD). Novel molecular targets for intestinal epithelial barrier are essential to treatment of CD. Transmembrane and immunoglobulin domain-containing protein 1 (TMIGD1) is an adhesion molecule that regulates cell adhesion, migration, and enterocyte differentiation. However, the function and mechanism of TMIGD1 in CD and intestinal epithelial barrier has rarely been studied. Furthermore, the association between TMIGD1 and the clinical features of CD remains unclear. ⋯ Our study demonstrated that TMIGD1 maintained intestinal barrier integrity and inactivated inflammation, and was therefore a potential therapeutic target for CD.
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Comorbidity is the rule rather than the exception for childhood and adolescent onset mental disorders, but we cannot predict its occurrence and do not know the neural mechanisms underlying comorbidity. We investigate if the effects of comorbid internalizing and externalizing disorders on anatomical differences represent a simple aggregate of the effects on each disorder and if these comorbidity-associated cortical surface differences relate to a distinct genetic underpinning. ⋯ The emergence of comorbidity across distinct clusters of psychopathology is unlikely to be due to a simple additive neurobiological effect alone. Distinct developmental risk moderated by immune-related adaptation processes, with unique genetic and cell-specific factors, may contribute to underlying SA and CT differences. Children with the highest risk but lowest resilience, both captured in their developmental morphometry, may develop a comorbid illness pattern.