Brit J Hosp Med
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Comparative Study
Effectiveness and Safety of Gabapentin versus Pregabalin in the Treatment of Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Aims/Background Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a common chronic pain disease that persists after the rash (clusters of clear blisters on the surface of the skin) has healed, adversely affecting the quality of life of affected patients. Gabapentin (GPT) and pregabalin (PGB) are two commonly used drugs for the treatment of PHN, but there have been broad concerns regarding their efficacy and safety. Thus, this retrospective cohort study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness and safety of GPT versus PGB in the treatment of PHN. ⋯ In addition, significantly lower VAS, SQS, PSQI, SAS, and SDS scores were observed in the observation group after treatment, compared with the control group (p < 0.05). The observation group showed evidently shorter time to pain relief than the other group (p < 0.05). Conclusion PGB is an effective and safe medication for the treatment of PHN, by improving the analgesic effect and sleep quality, and alleviating negative emotions.
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Comparative Study
Comparative Study of Safety and Efficacy of α-n-Butyl-2-cyanoacrylate Glue versus Traditional Embolization Materials in the Treatment of Acute Renal Hemorrhage.
Aims/Background This study aims to evaluate the safety and efficacy of α-n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate (NBCA) glue in comparison with traditional embolization materials for the treatment of acute renal hemorrhage. Methods A total of 105 patients with the acute renal hemorrhage who underwent superselective renal artery embolization were enrolled. The patients were divided into two groups based on the embolization materials used: the traditional group (43 cases, control group) and the medical glue group (62 cases, observation group). ⋯ The degree of vascular embolization also influenced the extent of postoperative inflammatory response and renal function damage in patients with acute renal hemorrhage. Conclusion Compared to traditional embolization materials, NBCA glue demonstrates a clear hemostatic effect in the treatment of patients with acute renal hemorrhage, while also leading to reduced postoperative inflammatory response and renal function damage. NBCA adhesive is both safe and effective for treating acute renal hemorrhage.
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Aims/Background Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a rare, rapidly progressive and highly lethal disease. This retrospective cohort study aims to analyze the factors influencing the mortality risk in adult patients with sHLH, which are instrumental to improving our understanding of the high mortality risks associated with sHLH. Methods This study included 85 patients diagnosed with sHLH who were admitted and treated in the Department of Emergency, Peking University People's Hospital between April 2015 and July 2023. ⋯ Conclusion Patients with sHLH have frequently atypical clinical presentation, with early death risk and notably elevated mortality rate. Independent risk factors influencing mortality risk in sHLH patients include age ≥63.5 years, AST ≥111 U/L, ALT ≥41 U/L, and TNI ≥2.15 ng/mL. With high accuracy and efficacy, the risk prediction model constructed can facilitate timely identification of sHLH patients at elevated risk of mortality, which is critical for optimizing clinical interventions.
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Aims/Background Tinnitus is a very common condition, and is a side effect of many medications. The panorama of drug-induced tinnitus has widened in recent decades, and post-marketing data are needed to gain a better insight into adverse drug reactions related to tinnitus. However, there are currently few studies on drug-induced tinnitus. ⋯ Among all tinnitus-related indications, depression (n = 1172), rheumatoid arthritis (n = 947), and multiple sclerosis (n = 914) were the most relevant indications. Vertigo (n = 2443, ROR [95% CI] = 7.51 [7.21-7.82]), deafness (n = 1740, ROR [95% CI] = 13.50 [12.86-14.18]), and hypoacusis (n = 1550, ROR [95% CI] = 6.11 [5.81-6.43]) were the most common concomitant ototoxic AEs in patients reporting tinnitus. Conclusion Our study mined and analyzed the AEs signals of drug-induced tinnitus and provided a reference for the safe clinical application of the drugs.
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Cardiogenic shock (CS) is associated with significant mortality. Advances in pharmacological therapies and mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices have markedly improved the therapeutic approach to CS, though treatment efficacy and safety vary. ⋯ Future randomised trials should evaluate a phenotype-guided pharmaco-MCS approach to the management of CS. This paper summarises contemporary pharmacological and MCS treatments for patients with CS.