Dtsch Arztebl Int
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Meta Analysis
Weaning From Tobacco with Nicotine or Varenicline in Severe and Mild Tobacco Dependence—Findings of a Meta-Analysis.
Systematic reviews have documented the beneficial effects of bupropion, cytisine, nicotine, and varenicline as aids to permanent smoking cessation. We investigated the question whether the effect of treatment depends on the severity of tobacco dependence. ⋯ The benefit of varenicline and nicotine as aids to smoking cessation is independent of the severity of tobacco dependence.
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Meta Analysis
Daylight Saving Time Transitions and Risk of Heart Attack—a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
The health risks of daylight saving time transitions are intensely debated. Disturbed circadian rhythms and lack of sleep after transitions might increase the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). The only meta-analysis on the risk of AMI has now been considerably expanded. ⋯ Current evidence suggests that there may be an increased risk of AMI after the spring transition, although there is moderate to marked heterogeneity among the studies that support this conclusion. More easily interpretable studies, such as those already conducted in the field of economics, should clarify associations with the aid of discontinuity regression and placebo tests. To this end, comparative risk analyses using years or places wherein daylight saving time was not practiced would be suitable.
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Review Meta Analysis
Compression Therapy in the Treatment of Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis of the Lower Limb and for the Prevention of Post-Thrombotic Syndrome—a Review Based on a Structured Literature Search.
After an acute deep venous thrombosis (DVT) of the lower limb, 20% to 63% of patients develop post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). In this review, we address the efficacy of compression therapy in the treatment of acute DVT of the lower limb, and for the prevention of PTS. ⋯ Compression therapy relieves symptoms in acute DVT and lessens the frequency and severity of PTS. It is therefore recommended as standard treatment.
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Review Meta Analysis
The Function of Sleep and the Treatment of Primary Insomnia.
Good sleep is correlated with health. Primary insomnia is a common reason for consulting a primary care physician. It is usually treated with drugs despite clear evidence for the efficacy of behavioral therapy. ⋯ Behavioral therapy is underused despite clear evidence of efficacy, while drugs are given too often. Better patient education and the use of digital applications might help increase the utilization of behavioral therapy for insomnia.
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Perioperative arrhythmias are common depending on the type of the operation and can increase morbidity and mortality. ⋯ The identification of high-risk patients and the provision of individualized perioperative monitoring are essential aspects of patient safety. Outpatient cardiological follow-up can improve outcomes.