Int J Med Sci
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Background & Aims: Accurately identifying liver necroinflammation was essential for the timely implementation of antiviral therapy in chronic hepatitis B(CHB) patients. The sphingolipids were involved in various chronic inflammatory processes. This study aimed to evaluate the association between serum sphingolipids and liver necroinflammation in CHB patients. ⋯ In the subgroup of patients with normal serum ALT, serum Cer d18:2/22:0 was lower in patients with G ≥ 2 than that with G < 2. After 5 years, alleviated inflammation was accompanied by decreased serum SM d16:0/16:1 and increased serum Cer d18:2/22:0 in patients with baseline G ≥ 2. Conclusions: Lower serum Cer d18:2/22:0 could reflect hepatic necroinflammation (G ≥ 2) in CHB patients including those with normal serum ALT, and its elevation predicts the inflammation improvement after NAs treatment.
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Adverse drug events due to drug-drug interactions can be prevented by avoiding concomitant use of causative drugs; therefore, it is important to understand drug combinations that cause drug-drug interactions. Although many attempts to identify drug-drug interactions from real-world databases such as spontaneous reporting systems have been performed, little is known about drug-drug interactions caused by three or more drugs in polypharmacy, i.e., multiple drug-drug interactions. Therefore, we attempted to detect multiple drug-drug interactions using decision tree analysis using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database, a Japanese spontaneous reporting system. ⋯ Additionally, necrosis of leg muscles was observed in some rats simultaneously treated with these three drugs, and their creatine kinase and myoglobin levels were elevated. The combination of pitavastatin, allopurinol, and valsartan should be treated with caution as a multiple drug-drug interaction. Since multiple drug-drug interactions were detected with decision tree analysis and the increased risk was verified in animal experiments, decision tree analysis is considered to be an effective method for detecting multiple drug-drug interactions.
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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7150/ijms.55592.].
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Background: LncRNA MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1) was competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) involved in various molecular processes for metastasis development in lung cancer. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in MALAT1 gene might be predictive markers for lung cancer. In our study, we selected rs619586 and rs3200401 in MALAT1 gene to explore their effects on lung cancer susceptibility. ⋯ However, there were no remarkable gene-environment interactions in additive and multiplicative model. Conclusion: Rs3200401 in lncRNA MALAT1 was associated with the susceptibility of non-small-cell lung cancer and lung squamous cell carcinoma. The gene-environmental (cigarette smoking) interactions were not notable.
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Introduction: Asthma is one of the major public health problems that imposes a great burden on societal, financial, and healthcare around the world. Asthma poorly affects the health-related quality of life and daily activities of patients. Treatment of asthma, including inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and long-acting beta-agonists (LABAs), mainly aims to improve the lung function and reduce symptoms and exacerbations. ⋯ Conclusions: The combination of ICS/LABAs decreased airway inflammatory and remodeling pathways. However, allergen stimulation-related pathways were still upregulated in patients after ICS/LABA treatment. The combination of medication and allergen removal is a complete strategy for asthma.