Int J Med Sci
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Review
Enhancement of Mitochondrial Homeostasis: A Novel Approach to Attenuate Hypoxic Myocardial Injury.
Cardiomyocytes are highly oxygen-dependent cells, relying on oxygen-driven oxidative phosphorylation to maintain their function. During hypoxia, mitochondrial ATP production decreases, leading to calcium overload, acidosis, and oxidative stress, which collectively trigger myocardial injury. Ischemic heart disease, caused by coronary atherosclerosis, results in myocardial ischemia and hypoxia, leading to ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. ⋯ In the early stages of ischemia and hypoxia, mitochondrial dysfunction disrupts mitochondrial homeostasis, causing the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the mitochondria. This activates the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (mtUPR) and mitophagy, which work to clear damaged proteins and mitochondria, playing a key role during this period. This review focuses on mitochondrial mechanisms during the ischemic phase of ischemia-reperfusion injury, aiming to provide new theoretical foundations and potential therapeutic strategies to reduce myocardial damage.
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Purpose: To evaluate the potential risk factors for poor dry eye disease (DED) outcomes after intense pulse light (IPL) treatment. Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted, and patients who received IPL were enrolled. A total of 63 eyes were included in the present study after exclusion and were divided into a fair outcome group and a poor outcome group according to posttreatment improvements in DED-related signs and symptoms. ⋯ Female sex and previous refractive surgery were associated with less improvement in DED-related symptoms (all P < 0.05), whereas advanced age, a lower pretreatment NITBUT and a higher meibomian gland loss rate were related to poor DED sign improvement (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: The major limitations are the retrospective design, small study population, and absence of detailed posttreatment exams. In conclusion, old age, female sex, previous refractive surgery, a lower NITBUT, and a higher meibomian gland loss rate are associated with worse outcomes after IPL treatment.
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum potassium variability and 60-day mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on MHD patients treated at the affiliated hospital of Qingdao University hemodialysis center who were infected with the novel coronavirus between December 1, 2022, and January 31, 2023. Baseline characteristics of patients were collected from electronic medical records. ⋯ Kaplan-Meier curves showed that a higher potassium variability coefficient was associated with higher all-cause mortality (P = 0.024). After adjusting for potential confounders, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the HR for 60-day mortality in the Q4 group compared to the Q1 group was 2.06 (95% CI = 1.03-4.09, P = 0.040), and binary Logistic regression analysis showed that the OR for 60-day CVD in the Q4 group compared to the Q1 group was 4.09 (95% CI = 1.52-10.97, P = 0.005). Conclusion: Increased serum potassium variability in MHD patients after COVID-19 infection significantly increased the likelihood of 60-day mortality and CVD.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of bilateral low serratus anterior plane block on quality of recovery after trans-subxiphoid robotic thymectomy: Results of a randomized placebo-controlled trial.
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the impact of ultrasound-guided, bilateral, low level (T8-T9) deep serratus anterior plane (DSAP) blocks on postoperative recovery quality and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing trans-subxiphoid robotic thymectomy (TRT). Methods: 39 patients undergoing TRT were randomized to receive either low DSAP block under general anesthesia (Group S) or the sham block (Group C) on each side. The primary outcome was the QoR-40 score at postoperative day (POD) 1. ⋯ Pain scores were significantly lower in Group S, both during resting and motion at postoperative 6h, 12h, and 24h (P < 0.05 for each). The total amount of sufentanil consumed in the first 48 h was lower in Group S than in Group C [61.4 (4.9) vs 78.9 (4.6), P < 0.001]. Conclusion: The bilateral low DSAP blocks enhanced the QoR-40 for 2 days postoperatively, relieved postsurgical pain, and reduced opioid consumption during the early postoperative period in patients undergoing TRT.
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Comparative Study
Roxadustat Versus Erythropoietin: The Comparison of Efficacy in Reversing Ventricular Remodeling in Dialysis Patients with Anaemia.
Background: Renal anaemia and left ventricular hypertrophy are the main complications of chronic kidney disease and are shared among dialysis patients. This retrospective study aimed to compare the efficacies of the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl hydroxylase inhibitor roxadustat and recombinant human erythropoietin in reversing ventricular remodeling in dialysis patients with renal anaemia. Methods: A total of 204 participants underwent baseline examinations, including echocardiograms and laboratory tests, before being administered either treatment for at least 24 weeks from January 2018 to October 2021, after which follow-up examinations were conducted at 6 months. ⋯ The results of multiple linear regression showed that the change in haemoglobin was independent factor affecting the improvement of left ventricular mass index. Conclusions: The increase of haemoglobin was associated with improving left ventricular hypertrophy in dialysis patients. However, the beneficial effects between roxadustat and recombinant human erythropoietin on left ventricular mass index did not show clear superiority or inferiority in six months.