J Natl Med Assoc
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Socioeconomic inequities have direct implications in COVID presentation, severity of illness and prognosis. From practice of prophylactic measures to availability of personal protective equipment, from access to diagnostic tests to treatment resources, there are many facets and distinct disease processes of a virus that, among many things, serves to expose and highlight our global disparities.
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Little research has characterized racial differences in firearm homicide at the city level. In this study, we explicitly model trends from 2000 to 2017 in the gap in homicide rates between the Black and White populations of 275 U.S. cities. ⋯ Reducing racial disparities in firearm homicide may require programs and policies that specifically address the adverse consequences of racial segregation.
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Compared to COVID-19 cases with established epidemiological trace, little is known about the patients without one. This study reports an association between time of symptom onset (TOS) and length of hospital stay (LOS) in COVID-19 infection without epidemiological link. ⋯ In COVID-19 cases without typical epidemiological links, patients with later symptom onset had relatively shorter LOS.
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Health Disparities and Constipation Management among Pediatric Patients in the Emergency Department.
Constipation is a common cause of abdominal pain in children. Prior studies have demonstrated that nearly half of the children with constipation receive enemas; however, studies regarding constipation management based on race and ethnicity have not been pursued. The goal of this investigation is to determine if demographic disparities namely, race and ethnicity and insurance status affect emergency department (ED) management of constipation and prescription of enema. ⋯ Racial and health disparities do not appear to impact a physician's decision on giving an enema to children with constipation presenting to the ED.