J Res Med Sci
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Our study aimed to determine if alteration of metabolic parameters is associated with the severity of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, progress to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), or with the type of antiretroviral treatment (ART). ⋯ CD4(+) cell count ≤250 cells/μl in HIV-positive patients is associated with decreased level of triglyceride and PTH. Moreover, patients receiving NRTI regimen alone have lower Ca level while this regimen in combination with NNRTI or PI has a positive correlation with P serum level.
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Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a common sleep disorder characterized by repeated upper airway obstruction during sleep. While respiratory pauses followed by loud snoring and daytime sleepiness are the main symptoms of OSAS, the patients may complain from sleep disruption, headache, mood disturbance, irritability, and memory impairment. However, the association of sleep apnea with anxiety and depression is not completely understood. Adherence to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), the treatment of choice for OSAS, may be influenced by psychological conditions, especially claustrophobia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of OSAS with anxiety and depression symptoms. This study also investigated the association of anxiety with body mass index (BMI) and the severity of OSAS. ⋯ Our study showed that the frequency of anxiety in OSAS patients is higher than in the general population regardless of the gender. Furthermore, it is more likely that OSAS patients present with anxiety and depression than the typical symptoms.
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Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is defined as a rare, inflammatory, chronic and benign disease mimicking malignant hyperplasia of mammary glands. There is no definitive therapeutic strategy for IGM; nevertheless, some approaches can be exploited as beneficial strategies. In this study, the surgery strategy was compared with coincident treatment with azithromycin and corticosteroid in IGM patients. ⋯ This clinical trial demonstrated that pharmaceutical treatment has appropriate efficacy, in treatment and prevention of IGM relapse. Moreover, this study presented hazf gardad number of the lesions as the most appropriate criteria for IGM prognosis, thus the probability of relapse decreases whether earlier IGM recognizing could be implemented.
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Antibiotic resistance of enteric pathogens particularly Shigella species, is a critical world-wide problem and monitoring their resistant pattern is essential, because the choice of antibiotics is absolutely dependent on regional antibiotic susceptibility patterns. During summer 2013, an unusual increase in number of diarrheal diseases was noticed in Isfahan, a central province of Iran. Therefore, the antibiotic resistance of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Shigella species isolated were evaluated. ⋯ Due to high levels of resistance to recommended and commonly used antibiotics for diarrhea, continuous monitoring of antibiotic resistance seems essential for determining best options of empirical therapy.
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Case Reports
Successful management of multiple small bowel perforations due to polyarteritis nodosa.
Classic Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN)) is a medium-sized vessel vasculitis that usually occurs in middle-aged men. One of the dramatic manifestations of PAN that requires surgical intervention is multiple small bowel perforations. Many studies have reported a high rate of mortality in PAN due to acute abdominal complications. ⋯ All perforations were primarily repaired and corticosteroids were prescribed. Using corticosteroid in patients with abdominal sepsis is injurious; however, laparostomy is the method we suggest, to achieve the purpose, including prevention of a short bowel and infection control. Our patient was discharged, well, after 48 days of hospitalization and referred to a rheumatologist.