Niger J Clin Pract
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Comparative Study
Epidemiological association between osteoporosis and combined smoking and use of snuff among South African women.
This study sought to explore the epidemiological association between the exclusive use and the combined use of snuff and smoking on the prevalence of osteoporosis in a national population sample of South African women who were 40 years and older. ⋯ Based on these findings, it can be concluded that the combined lifetime use of both snuff and cigarettes may increase the odds of developing osteoporosis among women who are 40 years and older.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Maternal and neonatal effects of adding morphine to low-dose bupivacaine for epidural labor analgesia.
Labor is one of the most painful experiences a woman may face during her lifetime. One of the most effective methods used for eliminating this pain is epidural analgesia. The aim of this study to determine the impact of adding morphine to low-dose bupivacaine epidural anesthesia on labor and neonatal outcomes, and maternal side effects. ⋯ We believe that epidural analgesia comprised of a low-dose local anaesthetic and 2 mg morphine provides a painless labor that significantly reducesthe use of local anesthetic without changing the efficiency of the analgesic, ensuring the mother's satisfaction without leading to an adverse effect on the mother or foetus, while mildly (but significantly) shortening the second stage of labor.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparison of hyperpronation and supination-flexion techniques in children presented to emergency department with painful pronation.
Radial head subluxation, also known as 'pulled elbow', 'dislocated elbow' or 'nursemaid's elbow', is one of the most common upper extremity injuries in young children and a common reason to visit Emergency Department (ED). ⋯ It was found that in the reduction of radial head subluxations, the hyperpronation technique is more effective in children who were presented to ED with painful pronation compared with supination-flexion. However, there was no significant difference between these techniques in terms of pain.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Audit of medication errors by anesthetists in North Western Nigeria.
Safety issues are an important aspect of anesthesia practice. The relevance of medication and drug administration errors in our everyday practice is an important aspect of medical audit. Although there have been few case reports of drug administration errors by anesthetists, there is paucity of information regarding medication errors in anesthetic practice in Nigeria. We set out to study the incidence of medication errors among anesthesia practitioners in Kaduna State, North Western Nigeria and to suggest ways to minimize such errors. ⋯ Medication errors do occur in the everyday practice of anesthetists in Nigeria as in other countries and can lead to morbidity and mortality in our patients. Routine audit and reporting of critical incidents including errors in drug administration should be encouraged. Reduction of medication errors is an important aspect of patient safety, and vigilance remains the watchword.