Niger J Clin Pract
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Liver size can be influenced by various factors, including malignant diseases, infective processes, and anthropometric variations among individuals from different geographical locations and races. Therefore, the exact definition of hepatomegaly in the ultrasonographic measurement of liver size is controversial. Moreover, the majority of studies regarding the study of liver size are not community-based. ⋯ In a northern Anatolian Turkish population, liver size was greater among males than females. In light of these data, we believe our study may serve as a reference source for the evaluation of liver size.
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The prevalence of major congenital anomalies (CAs) shows wide variations depending on geographical location and may range from <1% to 8% and it causes between 20% and 30% of perinatal deaths. In Nigeria, the prevalence of CAs may be underestimated with the general reliance on mostly livebirths ranging between 0.5% and 2.8% exempting cases of miscarriage and abortions. The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiologic pattern and outcome of major CAs detected prenatally at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, over a 4-year period. ⋯ CAs remain a major contributor to perinatal morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Since most are idiopathic, early prenatal detection with ultrasound may facilitate improved diagnosis and the reduction of overall perinatal morbidity and mortality in the Nigerian setting.
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Comparative Study
In vitro and in vivo comparison of orthodontic indirect bonding resins: A prospective study.
The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro shear bond strength (SBS) and in vivo bond survival rates of brackets bonded using orthodontic indirect bonding resins. ⋯ In vitro study showed lower SBS with chemically-cured indirect bonding resin than flowable light-cured resin and the control group, but in vivo failure rates of both indirect resins were found to be adequate for clinical usage.
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Comparative Study
Effect of deproteinization before and after acid etching on the surface roughness of immature permanent enamel.
The purpose of this in vitro investigation was to assess the effect of deproteinization before and after acid etching on the surface roughness of immature human enamel of permanent teeth compared to acid etching alone using noncontact three-dimensional (3D) optical profilometer. ⋯ Deproteinizing the enamel of immature permanent teeth with 2.5% NaOCl before and after acid etching with 32% H3PO4 increased surface roughness compared to the application of H3PO4 alone.
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Patients hospitalized in Intensive Care Units (ICU) are critically ill. Sometimes informed consent for invasive procedures cannot be obtained from patients or relatives due to insufficient information. ⋯ Using visual materials such as video in addition to verbal information provided an improvement in consent ratios regardless of education levels.