Niger J Clin Pract
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Controlled Clinical Trial
Sonoelastographic evaluation of the masseter muscle before and after mandibular setback surgery.
The purpose of this study is to compare the thickness and elasticity of the masseter muscle before and after orthognathic surgery in patients with class III skeletal deformity and to investigate the relationship between the sonographic changes in the masseter muscle and the amount of mandibular setback. ⋯ We believe that in the present study important findings have been emphasized for further research aiming to investigate the possible relationship between masticatory alterations and surgical outcomes after orthognathic surgery.
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Bimaxillary protrusion is a condition wherein esthetic concerns are the main reason behind seeking orthodontic treatment. ⋯ At posttreatment, there was an overall decrease in the mean values among the majority of the soft tissue and dental cephalometric angles and linear measurements. Among soft tissue variables, there was a marginal increase in the upper lip length by 1.49 mm (P < 0.001), and the nasolabial angle increased markedly by 7.64° (P < 0.001). Similarly, a marked increase in retroclination by 5.95° (P < 0.001) was observed among the dental variables. Conversely, no significant changes were noted in the lower incisors. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a significant correlation between all the different dental variables. Within the soft tissue variables, there was a significant positive correlation between changes in the upper lip protrusion, lower lip protrusion, upper lip thickness, and the distance from the upper and lower lips to the S-line.
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Maternal hyperglycemia first diagnosed in pregnancy, previously referred to as gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with health consequences for both the mother and her fetus/baby, not only in the short term but also in the long term. Early screening helps to identify women with overt diabetes or those with early onset GDM. ⋯ Random plasma glucose and Random capillary glucose performed poorly compared to 75g-OGTT in detecting hyperglycemia in early pregnancy.
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Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global health challenge. The emergence of MDR TB has contributed remarkably to the spread of tuberculosis and also poses a threat, which if not effectively addressed may wipe out the achievements of previous efforts in controlling tuberculosis. ⋯ The MDR-TB rate of 3.1% found in this study was relatively low and efforts should be intensified to keep it low.
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The blaOXA resistance genes and ISAba1 were examined in 70 samples from lower respiratory tract of hospitalized patients. ⋯ Findings obtained from this study suggest that isolates can easily spread through the hospital via isolate cross-contamination caused by health personnel. These contaminating isolates may be able to maintain their presence within the hospital for a long time.