Pak J Med Sci
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The best umbilical cord care after birth is a controversial issue. Aim of this research was to compare the effect of topical application of human milk and chlorhexidin on cord separation time in newborns. ⋯ Topical application of breast milk on umbilical cord care leads to quick cord separation time and can be used as easy, cheep, non injury methods for umbilical cord care.
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Management of post operative pain in children undergoing hypospadiasis repair, accounts for optimized surgery outcomes and improved patients' satisfaction. Thus, various studies have widely investigated the best approaches for the pain management. In this study our aim was to determine the effect of dexamethasone in combination with penile nerve block on the postoperative pain and complications in the children undergoing hypospadias surgery. ⋯ Single dose of intravenous dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) in combination with penile block decreased the post operative pain measures, and total post operative analgesic requirement. It also increased the onset of the first analgesic requirement compared to penile block alone.
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To determine the current frequency and pattern of distribution of congenital heart defects (CHD) at National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), with the age at which initial diagnosis of CHD was made and the age at which the participant first visited the study center. ⋯ Congenital Heart Defects are very common in our setup and early detection of CHD is increasing. Overall burden of CHD is also increasing therefore a proper population based study on a large scale is needed to estimate the prevalence accurately.
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Fungal urinary tract infections due to Candida have increased significantly in recent years. Our research objective was to study Candida species in urine samples of patients with urinary tract infections (UTIs) associated with obstructive uropathy and to investigate the virulence factors of the isolated Candida. ⋯ Candida is an important cause of UTIs and obstructive uropathy is a major predisposing factor.
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Uremic pruritus is a common problem in hemodialysis patients. Several treatments have been used for decreasing itching in these patients. Gabapentin and ketotifen are two drugs used for treating uremic patients. The aim of this study was to compare gabapentin and ketotifen in treatment of uremic pruritus in hemodialysis patients. ⋯ The results showed that gabapentin and ketotifen significantly improved pruritus in hemodialysis patients, and no significant difference was observed between two groups.