Pak J Med Sci
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This study aimed to identify the major variables in the estimation of health expenditure in OECD member countries with the decision tree method and to categorize the member countries by health expenditure. ⋯ The study results revealed that the most important determinant for estimating the share of GDP allocated to health expenditure was GDP per capita. Future studies should be conducted with the inclusion of different variables in the model.
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To evaluate the therapeutic effects of pulpotomy and pulpectomy on deciduous molars with deep caries. ⋯ The postoperative outcomes of pulpotomy are superior to those of pulpectomy.
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To analyze and compare the efficacy of laparoscopic modified Soave operation and open radical resection in the treatment of Hirschsprung's disease. ⋯ Laparoscopic modified Soave operation has definite efficacy in the treatment of Hirschsprung's disease, and the treatment is featured by high safety and few complications, which is beneficial to the recovery of defecation function; hence laparoscopic modified Soave operation is worth clinical promotion.
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This cross-sectional study aimed to examine the impact of learning management system and WhatsApp application as educational tools on students' academic achievement and attitude. ⋯ The results are pivotal for a paradigm shift of in-class lectures and discussion to mobile learning (M-learning). M-learning through WhatsApp may be as an alternative, innovative, and collaborative tool in achieving the required goals in medical education.