Pak J Med Sci
-
Review
Incidence of orthodontic brackets detachment during orthodontic treatment: A systematic review.
To evaluate the incidence of orthodontic brackets detachment during orthodontic treatment. ⋯ The incidence of brackets detachment during orthodontic treatment is high.
-
Students perception towards feedback in clinical sciences in an outcome-based integrated curriculum.
Feedback has been identified as one of the key strategies for learning in the outcome-based curriculum. Students are more interested in their grades paying little attention to the feedback, may not understand the importance of feedback and its effect on their performance because of their perception, and beliefs. Non-constructive feedback will not result in the improvement of the students' performance. This study aims to explore; student's perception of useful feedback; the purpose of feedback and believes about written feedback. ⋯ Students are aware of the purpose of feedback. Senior students give more value to feedback and in the opinion that feedback provides useful suggestions for future improvement and limited feedback is the reason for frustration. The results highlight the need for more structured feedback mechanism, and there is a need for faculty engagement in training to fill the existing gapes to create an effective educational alliance.
-
To evaluate the demographic and clinical features associated with acetaminophen overdose and to identify the clinical use of IV (intravenous) N- Acetylcysteine (NAC) treatment in children. ⋯ This study confirms that the side effects due to IV NAC therapy are uncommon and it is generally well tolerated in children.
-
Biotransformation of xenobiotics are critical for their metabolism and removal from the body which is carried out by xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Individuals carrying variants of genes that encode these enzymes have an altered ability to metabolize xenobiotics which may lead to an increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions in causing predisposition to adult ALL. ⋯ The results reveal that homozygous null polymorphism of GSTM1 and GSTT1genes does not influence ALL susceptibility among adult patients. Cancer susceptibility associated with GST polymorphism varies with ethnic and geographic differences. Therefore, further investigation on different populations is needed to understand the role of these genetic variations in modifying adult ALL risk.
-
Impact of age at diagnosis on clinicopathological outcomes of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients.
A recent trend in diagnosis of oral cancer in young age is observed, however its impact on various clinicopathological parameters needs to be explored. The aim of the current study was to compare and analyze impact of age at diagnosis with clinicopathological parameters of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients. ⋯ Majority of oral cancer patients present at an advanced stage irrespective of age at diagnosis but young age has an overall improved survival. Moreover, a positive family history of cancer in young age group mandates further exploration of possible role of genetic polymorphisms which might be responsible for early onset of the disease.