Pak J Med Sci
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The Valsalva maneuver (VM) is the most effective measure that can be carried out to treat supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Our objective was to compare the efficacy of postural modified VM with 20 ml syringe to standard VM for the emergency treatment of SVT. ⋯ Modified Valsalva by using a wide-bore syringe is more effective method than standard Valsalva in terminating SVT.
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To investigate the difference of application of core needle biopsy histology and fine needle aspiration cytology in cervical lymphadenopathy. ⋯ No significant difference was observed between core needle biopsy histology and fine needle aspiration cytology in diagnosing cervical lymphadenopathy, but the former has a high complication rate.
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Ischemia and inflammation play a role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Plasma neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and 25- hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D) were used as a biomarker for inflammation and atherosclerosis. The present study aimed to investigate a link between NLR, vitamin D and ischemia in AD. ⋯ NLR was higher in AD while there was no difference between the Fazekas-0 and Fazekas-3 AD groups. Vitamin D was lower in the Fazekas-3 AD group. These data suggested that NLR increased independently of ischemia in AD. Also vitamin D deficiency could trigger ischemia in AD.
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To view the different patterns of presentation of HIV in pediatric population along with mode of transmission and associated co infections and co morbidities. ⋯ In children HIV is more prevalent in males especially under 4 years with fever, cough, diarrhea and pallor being the common symptoms at presentation. Tuberculosis is the commonest co infection as we are endemic for TB and mother to child transmission is the commonest mode of transmission as there was no outbreak in our area.
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This study aimed to explore the impact of hyperkalemia at admission on hospitalization days (HDs) among advanced chronic kidney disease patients (CKD) with type two diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China. ⋯ Hyperkalemia could be an independent risk factor increasing HDs of advanced CKD patients with T2DM.