Pak J Med Sci
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This study determined whether there is a statistically significant difference between efficient and inefficient Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries in terms of health indicators using fuzzy data envelopment analysis (FDEA). ⋯ This study shows the number of physicians was the most important determinant affecting the efficiency of a country's healthcare system. Inefficient countries had a greater mean for number of physicians. Thus, inefficient countries consume more resources than efficient ones.
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To determine the classification and etiological diagnosis of children presented with ambiguous genitalia/atypical genitalia according to the newer classification system of Disorder of Sex Development (DSD). ⋯ Ambiguous genitalia have varied etiologies, 46; XXDSD found being the commonest of all, showing predominance of CAH especially salt loosing type. The early detection and prompt treatment of cases of ambiguous genitalia plays a pivotal role in the management of acute life threatening condition and gender assignment.
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Hemorrhoidal disease (HD), though mostly seen in adults, has recently emerged as a common problem among children. However, the diagnosis and treatment of HD in children is mostly based on the data obtained in adult studies. In this study, we aimed to evaluate risk factors, diagnostic and treatment modalities in the children diagnosed with external HD. ⋯ External HD mostly occurs in boys in their second decade of life. Positive family history and constipation were the most common risk factors in our patients. Conservative treatment is sufficient for the management of external HD in children because of its low recurrence rates.
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To determine the frequency and intensity of Internet Addiction (IA) among medical undergraduates, using Social Networking Sites (SNS), in Karachi. ⋯ Internet Addiction (IA) is an emerging mental health concern affecting social behaviour patterns of medical undergraduates. However, the burden of IA is relatively higher among female medical students.