Pak J Med Sci
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To analyze the Caesarean Section (CS) rate among different groups of consultants dealing with Nulliparous Term Singleton pregnancy with Vertex (NTSV) presentation delivering at a tertiary care hospital of Karachi over four months. ⋯ The results did not show statistically significant difference in CS rate among different groups of Obstetricians. This might indicate that managing labour according to standard guidelines can eliminate physicians' bias. This can be further evaluated with larger multicenter prospective studies.
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To compare the effects of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) and a combination of transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) with ultrasound (US) therapy on pain and functionality in patients with chronic lumbar radiculopathy. ⋯ HILT and TENS+US combined with exercise were effective treatment modalities in decreasing the VAS and ODI scores. TENS+US combined with exercises were more effective than HILT combined with exercise.
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Biotransformation of xenobiotics are critical for their metabolism and removal from the body which is carried out by xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. Individuals carrying variants of genes that encode these enzymes have an altered ability to metabolize xenobiotics which may lead to an increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The current study aimed to investigate the impact of GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene deletions in causing predisposition to adult ALL. ⋯ The results reveal that homozygous null polymorphism of GSTM1 and GSTT1genes does not influence ALL susceptibility among adult patients. Cancer susceptibility associated with GST polymorphism varies with ethnic and geographic differences. Therefore, further investigation on different populations is needed to understand the role of these genetic variations in modifying adult ALL risk.
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To find out the association between Thrombomodulin gene polymorphism (C1418T) with coronary artery disease in population of Karachi, Pakistan. ⋯ TM C1418T polymorphism emerges as a risk marker in Coronary Artery Disease patients in the population of Karachi, Pakistan.
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To determine the incidence of hearing loss after acute episode of meningitis in children. ⋯ The frequency of hearing loss is 22% following acute episode of meningitis which necessitates the need for implementation of screening assessment after meningitis in Pakistan. Prolonged stay, low GCS and complicated meningitis are risk factors for hearing impairment.