Rev Invest Clin
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Chewing Xylitol Gum could Accelerate Bowel motility Recovery after Elective Open Proctectomy for Rectal Cancer.
A number of studies with conflicting results have evaluated the effect of chewing gum on post-operative gastrointestinal recovery in patients after major colorectal surgery. ⋯ The present study suggests that chewing gum is a method to reduce the time to first flatus, time to first defecation and POI in patients undergoing elective open proctectomy for rectal cancer.
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Review Meta Analysis
The Role of Stents as Bridge to Surgery for Acute Left-Sided Obstructive Colorectal Cancer: Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
The role of self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) as a bridge to surgery for acute left-sided obstructive colorectal cancer has remained controversial. ⋯ We selected 8 RCTs articles, which included 497 cases. The directly stoma rates were significantly lower in the stent group (odds ratio [OR] = 0.46, 95% confidence intervals [CIs] = 0.30-0.70, p = 0.0003). The successful primary anastomosis rates were significantly higher in the stent group (OR = 2.29, 95% CIs = 1.52-3.45, p < 0.0001). The post-procedural complication rates were significantly lower in the stent group (OR = 0.39, 95% CI = 0.18-0.82, p = 0.01). However, tumor recurrence rates were significantly higher in the stent group (OR = 1.79, 95% CI = 1.09-2.93, p = 0.02). Conclusions This meta-analysis confirms that SEMS placement could reduce direct stoma rate and increases the successful primary anastomosis rate; however, it was associated with a seemingly higher incidence of tumor recurrence.
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Mexico has seen an increase in cancer prevalence in its entire population as well as particular age ranges, predominantly the older segment. The most frequently reported pelvic cancers in Mexico are cervical, endometrial, bladder, prostate, rectum, and anal canal. ⋯ The toxicity of any of these treatment modalities may be manifested as intestinal injury, a significant problem that can compromise the response to treatment, the patient's nutritional state, quality of life, and survival. In this article, we will approach key aspects in nutrition as well as the epidemiological characteristics and toxicities in patients affected by these pelvic tumors.
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Urine osmolarity (OsmU) is the gold standard for the evaluation of the kidney's urine concentration capacity; nevertheless, urinary density (UD) is often used as a surrogate for its estimation. ⋯ The estimation of the OsmU from UD showed adequate performance. If an osmometer is unavailable, we recommend using the factor 35 for clean samples and 32 with adjusted UD for samples with proteinuria and/or glycosuria.
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It has been proposed that abnormal modulation of inflammatory response is involved in the physiopathology of idiopathic recurrent spontaneous abortion (iRSA). Factors that may participate in this process include the genetic background such as carrying specific polymorphisms of genes with functional effects. ⋯ Carrying allele IL1RN*2 had a strong association with iRSA in Mexican women. This polymorphism codifies for a low-function protein, which may allow for increased activity of IL-1 pro-inflammatory axis in iRSA.