Saudi Med J
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To investigate epidemiological changes in respiratory fungal infections (RFI), including fungal isolation and colonization, at one of the main centers in Medina. The incidence of RFI is rising due to an increase in the number of immunocompromised individuals, a higher prevalence of respiratory viral infections, and an aging population. ⋯ Candida albicans was the leading cause of RFI. Continuous monitoring, improved diagnostics, and targeted interventions are crucial to address existing challenges and emerging threats. The growing recognition of fungal infections necessitates increased research and education for healthcare professionals.
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To ascertain the prevalence of depressive symptoms and identify related risk factors among adolescents. ⋯ This study reveals the increased prevalence of depressive symptoms in adolescents and highlights the complex interplay of demographic, behavioral, and social determinants. Findings emphasize the necessity for targeted, evidence-based interventions to enhance adolescent mental health.
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To study the spectrum and classification of ATP7B variants in Iraqi children with Wilson disease by direct gene sequencing with clinical correlation. ⋯ The mutational spectrum of ATP7B in the Iraqi population is diverse, despite the high rates of consanguinity. It differs from that of neighboring countries. We provided evidence for ten VUS to be reclassified as deleterious, raising questions about the diagnostic criteria for patients with higher Leipzig scores and a single deleterious variant.
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To identify genetic polymorphisms in factor I fibrinogen (rs6050) and factor XI plasma thromboplastin (rs4253417) in Saudi women with recurrent spontaneous miscarriage (RSM). Furthermore, to compare the levels of clotting factors in the blood of patients and healthy controls. ⋯ We demonstrated a significant correlation between genetic polymorphisms in factor I fibrinogen in certain genes studied and RSM. This association could be attributed to changes in fibrinogen levels, which impact the coagulation process and lead to an increase in thrombotic events, which are recognized as risk factors for miscarriage. Notably, variations in the other genes examined did not exhibit any association with the risk of RSM.
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Observational Study
Concordance between homeostatic model assessment and triglyceride glucose index in assessing insulin resistance among HIV-infected patients.
To evaluate the concordance between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in assessing insulin resistance (IR) in people living with HIV (PLWH). Additionally, we aimed to estimate a cut-off value for the TyG index in PLWH. ⋯ Our study identified correlation between the TyG index and HOMA IR index in PLWH. The TyG index may serve as an effective alternative to HOMA-IR for evaluating insulin resistance in PLWH.".