Turk J Med Sci
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Observational Study
Diaphragmatic thickness in chronic obstructive lung disease and relationship with clinical severity parameters
Sonographic assessment of diaphragm structure and function would be a useful clinical tool in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Our aim was to determine the muscle thickness of the diaphragm and the usefulness of clinical practice in patients with COPD. ⋯ Diaphragmatic dysfunction in COPD is related to mobility restriction rather than muscle thickness.
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Community-onset urinary tract infections(UTIs) caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli have increased in many parts of the world. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and risk factors for community-onset UTI caused by ESBL-producing E. coli. ⋯ The increasing prevalence ofESBL-producing E. coli makes it difficult to decide the empirical therapy in UTIs, especially in patients with two or more of the risk factors. A better understanding of the epidemiology and risk factors associated with community-onset UTIs due to ESBL-producing E. coli may have significant implications in decision-making for empirical antimicrobial treatment.
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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disorder of childhood. Underlying factors that contribute to AD are impaired epithelial barrier, alterations in the lipid composition of the skin, immunological imbalance including increased Th2/Th1 ratio, proinflammatory cytokines, decreased T regulatory cells, genetic mutations, and epigenetic alterations. Atopic dermatitis is a multifactorial disease with a particularly complicated pathophysiology. ⋯ In this review, we aimed to illustrate the current understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms in AD, to evaluate available treatment options with a focus on recently discovered therapeutic agents, and to determine the personal, familial, and economic burdens of the disease, which are frequently neglected issues in AD. Currently available therapies only provide transient solutions and cannot fully cure the disease. However, advances in the understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of the disease have led to the production of new treatment options, while ongoing drug trials also have had promising results.
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A synchronized dialogue between maternal and embryonic tissues is required for successful implantation. Low uterine receptivity is responsible for two-thirds of implantation failures and leptin is effective in the physiology of reproduction by binding to specific receptors. In this study, we investigateleptin receptor expression in cases of embryo transfer to endometrial coculture. ⋯ Embryo transfer to endometrium coculture triggers leptin receptor expression
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Psoriasis is an immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease that is seen in 1%–3% of the population. It is characterized by symmetrical papulosquamous lesions on the scalp, knees, elbows, sacral region, and extensor surfaces of the extremities. Psoriasis affects both sexes equally. It is thought that reactive oxygen species have an important role in inflammatory skin diseases, especially in psoriasis. There are few studies investigating serum oxidant-antioxidant levels in psoriasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate serum oxidant and antioxidant levels in psoriasis and their effects on its pathogenesis. ⋯ In the present study, the TOS levels showed a significant statistical difference between the psoriasis and control groups. This finding supports the effect of the oxidant system in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This was the first study to investigate MDA, TOS, TAS, and 8H2D levels together in patients with psoriasis. More studies are needed to clearly understand the relationship between psoriasis and the oxidant-antioxidant system.