Neurology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Two randomized migraine studies of galcanezumab: Effects on patient functioning and disability.
To evaluate changes from baseline in patient-reported outcomes for measures of functioning and disability among patients with migraine treated with galcanezumab or placebo. ⋯ This study provides Class II evidence that for patients with migraine, galcanezumab (120 mg or 240 mg) given once monthly improved functioning and reduced disability.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
nVNS sham significantly affects the trigeminal-autonomic reflex: A randomized controlled study.
To determine whether high placebo effects observed in recently published clinical noninvasive vagal nerve stimulation (nVNS) trials can be attributed to an active modulation of the trigeminal-autonomic reflex by the sham device. ⋯ These results suggest that both the regular nVNS and the sham device used in some of the clinical nVNS trials modulate the trigeminal-autonomic reflex. This could explain the high sham effect in these trials and suggests that stimulation of the posterior neck may be considered as a real sham condition.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Repetitive TMS does not improve cognition in patients with TBI: A randomized double-blind trial.
To determine whether high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) improves cognition in patients with severe traumatic brain injury. ⋯ This study provides Class II evidence that for individuals with chronic DAI, high-frequency rTMS over the left DLPFC does not significantly improve cognition.