Neurology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Randomized, phase III study results of clobazam in Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
To evaluate efficacy and safety of clobazam, a 1,5-benzodiazepine, as adjunctive therapy for Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS). ⋯ This study provides Class II evidence that clobazam as adjunctive therapy is efficacious, in a dosage-dependent manner, in reducing mean weekly drop seizure rates of patients with LGS over 12 weeks.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Responsive cortical stimulation for the treatment of medically intractable partial epilepsy.
This multicenter, double-blind, randomized controlled trial assessed the safety and effectiveness of responsive cortical stimulation as an adjunctive therapy for partial onset seizures in adults with medically refractory epilepsy. ⋯ This study provides Class I evidence that responsive cortical stimulation is effective in significantly reducing seizure frequency for 12 weeks in adults who have failed 2 or more antiepileptic medication trials, 3 or more seizures per month, and 1 or 2 seizure foci.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Prolonged survival with valproic acid use in the EORTC/NCIC temozolomide trial for glioblastoma.
This analysis was performed to assess whether antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) modulate the effectiveness of temozolomide radiochemotherapy in patients with newly diagnosed glioblastoma. ⋯ VPA may be preferred over an EIAED in patients with glioblastoma who require an AED during TMZ-based chemoradiotherapy. Future studies are needed to determine whether VPA increases TMZ bioavailability or acts as an inhibitor of histone deacetylases and thereby sensitizes for radiochemotherapy in vivo.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of simvastatin to treat Alzheimer disease.
Lowering cholesterol is associated with reduced CNS amyloid deposition and increased dietary cholesterol increases amyloid accumulation in animal studies. Epidemiologic data suggest that use of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) may decrease the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) and a single-site trial suggested possible benefit in cognition with statin treatment in AD, supporting the hypothesis that statin therapy is useful in the treatment of AD. ⋯ This study provides Class I evidence that simvastatin 40 mg/day does not slow decline on the ADAS-Cog.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Preferential D2 or preferential D3 dopamine agonists in restless legs syndrome.
A comparison between equivalent low doses of the D2 preferential agonist bromocriptine and the D3 preferential agonist pramipexole was performed in order to understand which dopamine agonist receptor subtype plays the main role in the treatment of restless legs syndrome (RLS) with periodic leg movements during sleep (PLMS). ⋯ This study provides Class III evidence that for patients with RLS pramipexole as compared to an estimated equivalent dose of bromocriptine results in greater improvement in some measures of RLS and PLMS severity after one night of treatment.