Obstetrics and gynecology
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Obstetrics and gynecology · Jul 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEpidural hydromorphone for postcesarean analgesia.
The efficacy of epidurally administered hydromorphone for postcesarean analgesia was evaluated in a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. Patients in group H (N = 26) received 1.0 mg of hydromorphone in preservative-free saline (total volume = 10 mL), administered epidurally. Patients in group B (N = 26) received 10 mL of 0.25% bupivacaine, administered epidurally. ⋯ Nausea/vomiting and pruritus occurred more frequently in group H. No patient had a respiratory rate less than or equal to 10. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in mean times to first ambulation, first void, first passage of flatus, or hospital discharge.
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Obstetrics and gynecology · Jul 1986
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPregnancy rates after hysterosalpingography with oil- and water-soluble contrast media.
Hysterosalpingography can be accomplished with either oil or water-soluble contrast medium. This randomized prospective study compared pregnancy rates in women who had hysterosalpingography with either water- or oil-soluble contrast material and were followed for six months. Fifteen of 60 (25%) patients who received water-soluble dye conceived compared with 14 of 46 (30%) patients in the oil-soluble group, a statistically insignificant difference. ⋯ Intravasation was more common in patients administered oil-based contrast materials (six of 46 versus one of 60 patients, P = .02), although no serious consequences occurred. No difference in the amount of pain as assessed by pain scoring was experienced by patients in each group. The authors conclude that pregnancy rates are similar after hysterosalpingography with oil- and water-soluble contrast material, during at least the first six months after the procedure.
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Obstetrics and gynecology · Jul 1986
Obstetric management and intraventricular hemorrhage in very-low-birth-weight infants.
A study was conducted to determine the effect of obstetric management on the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage in the very-low-birth-weight infant. The study covered four years and involved 488 live-born viable infants weighing between 500 and 1500 g, electronically monitored during labor and with echoencephalograms performed within the first three days of life. The overall incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage and mortality was 43 and 21%, respectively. ⋯ The incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage and mortality, 57 and 26%, respectively, in the breech presenting infant over 1000 g delivered vaginally, was decreased by cesarean section, 27 and 9%, respectively, P less than .05. The incidence and the severity of intraventricular hemorrhage were not affected by the status of membranes or length of labor. Neonatal asphyxia as defined by a cord pH of less than 7.20 and severe respiratory distress syndrome as defined by duration of intermittent positive pressure ventilation over 72 hours resulted in a statistically significant increase of severe cases of intraventricular hemorrhage.