Scand J Urol Nephrol
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Scand J Urol Nephrol · Oct 2001
Sympathetic nervous system overactivity in hypertensive patients with chronic renal failure--role of upright body position.
The renal functional consequences of an activated sympathetic nervous system and plasma atrial natriuretic hormone (ANP) in various renal diseases are not well described. We hypothesize that norepinephrine (NE) and ANP have antagonizing effects on renal hemodynamics in diseased kidneys. ⋯ Hypertensive patients with reduced GFR have elevated levels of plasma NE and ANP in the upright body position. When the upright and supine positions are compared, plasma NE declines in the supine position in controls and hypertensive renal failure patients. and plasma ANP levels are elevated only in the upright position in hypertensive renal failure patients where the sympathetic nervous system is activated. A significant positive relationship between plasma NE and ANP was observed only in the upright position. The upright body position seems superior to recumbency in the characterization of these hormonal changes in hypertensive chronic renal failure patients.
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To compare the effects of age and presence or absence of renal impairment at the time of 'J' stent insertion on the subsequent fate of prolonged forgotten stents. ⋯ In a growing child a prolonged forgotten 'J' stent is very likely to undergo spontaneous fracture due to the stress exerted on it as a result of cranio-caudal growth of the child. In adults, prolonged forgotten stents become calcified, brittle and lose tensile strength after more than one year of placement and may fracture either spontaneously or during attempts to remove them endoscopically. In patients producing hypotonic urine such as patients with moderate renal failure, a prolonged forgotten stent may remain little affected by the passage of time.
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Scand J Urol Nephrol · Aug 2000
Effects of unilateral testicular torsion on the blood flow of contralateral testis--an experimental study on dogs.
The effects of unilateral testicular torsion on the blood flow of the contralateral testis were investigated. Fourteen adult male dogs were recruited. Seven dogs underwent unilateral testicular torsion of 4 h duration, and the other seven dogs had a control operation. ⋯ No histopathological changes were noted on the contralateral testes. Minimal oedema and congestion secondary to manipulation were found in the control operation testes. We conclude that unilateral testicular torsion does not decrease contralateral testicular blood flow as shown by colour Doppler ultrasonography.
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Scand J Urol Nephrol · Aug 1999
Voiding and sexual dysfunctions after pelvic fracture urethral injuries treated with either initial cystostomy and delayed urethroplasty or immediate primary urethral realignment.
The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of the different immediate treatment modalities on the sexual and voiding functions in pelvic fracture urethral injuries. ⋯ Sexual and voiding dysfunction after pelvic fracture posterior urethral injury seem to be the result of the injury itself, not of the immediate treatment modalities. In urethral disruption injuries, primary urethral realignment seems more favourable than suprapubic cystostomy and delayed repair.
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Lymphangioma is an extremely rare cause of swelling of the scrotum. In this case report we present the finding of such a tumor in a 20-year-old man. The clinical, ultrasonic, and pathological findings are described and the differential diagnoses of acute and chronic swelling of the scrotum are discussed.